Koenig & Bauer Stock price
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Key metrics
📘 Market Capitalization
📈 What is it?
Market capitalization shows how much a company is currently worth on the stock market.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It helps classify companies by size (Large, Mid, Small Cap) and indicates their market presence and relative stability.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Large-cap companies tend to be more stable, often pay dividends, but may grow more slowly.
- Smaller firms may offer higher growth potential but come with more volatility.
- Market capitalization is a useful indicator of company size — but not a measure of whether a stock is undervalued or overvalued.
📘 Enterprise Value (EV)
📈 What is it?
Enterprise Value represents the total cost to acquire a company — including its debt and excluding its cash reserves.
🧮 How is it calculated?
(= Market Cap + Net Debt)
🏛️ Why is it important?
EV gives a more complete picture of a company's value than market cap alone and is used in key valuation ratios like EV/FCF or EV/Sales.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Enterprise Value shows the true cost of buying a company, including all financial obligations.
- It is more accurate than just looking at market cap, especially when comparing companies with different levels of debt or cash.
- Professional investors prefer EV-based multiples because they better reflect the company’s full financial footprint.
📘 Net Debt
📈 What is it?
Net Debt shows how much debt remains after subtracting a company’s available cash reserves.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It indicates how dependent a company is on borrowed money and how easily it can service its debt in the short term.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Low or negative net debt signals financial strength and flexibility.
- Companies with strong cash positions are better positioned in crises.
- High net debt increases financial risk — especially in environments with rising interest rates or economic downturns.
📘 Cash
📈 What is it?
Cash represents all liquid assets a company can access immediately — including cash, bank deposits, and short-term investments.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It reflects a company’s financial flexibility and resilience — enabling investments, buybacks, or buffer in downturns.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A strong cash position means greater room for maneuver and crisis resistance.
- Cash-rich companies can invest, pay down debt, or repurchase shares.
- But excess idle cash might indicate a lack of growth opportunities.
📘 Shares Outstanding
📈 What is it?
Shares outstanding represent the total number of a company’s shares currently held by investors — excluding treasury stock.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It’s the basis for key metrics like Earnings Per Share (EPS), Market Capitalization, or the Price/Earnings ratio (P/E).
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Fewer shares in circulation typically increase earnings per share — making each share more valuable.
- Share buybacks reduce the number of shares and boost per-share metrics.
- Issuing new shares does the opposite — diluting shareholder value and lowering per-share figures.
📘 Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E)
📈 What is it?
The P/E ratio shows how many times a company's earnings per share are reflected in its current share price — in other words, how "expensive" the stock appears relative to its profits.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
The P/E ratio is one of the most widely used valuation metrics. It helps investors assess whether a stock appears cheap or expensive compared to its earnings power.
🧮 Calculation
📊 P/E (TTM) = Based on earnings from the last 12 months (Trailing Twelve Months):🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low P/E may indicate undervaluation — or signal underlying issues.
- A high P/E may reflect strong growth expectations — or an overvalued stock.
📘 Price-to-Sales Ratio (P/S)
📈 What is it?
The P/S ratio shows how much investors are paying for $1 of the company’s revenue – regardless of profitability.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
P/S is especially useful for evaluating growth companies or businesses not yet profitable. It reflects how the market values the company’s sales.
🧮 Calculation
Market Cap = €147.57m | Revenue (TTM) = €1.31b
Market Cap = €147.57m | Estimated Revenue = €1.31b
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low P/S may indicate undervaluation — or low profitability.
- A high P/S can reflect strong growth expectations — or excessive optimism.
- Especially helpful when evaluating companies where profits are low, volatile, or negative.
📘 Enterprise Value to Sales (EV/Sales)
📈 What is it?
EV/Sales shows how much investors are paying for $1 of revenue — considering not just equity, but also debt and cash. It’s the capital structure–adjusted version of the P/S ratio.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It’s ideal for comparing companies with different levels of debt. It reflects a company's true cost relative to its revenue.
🧮 Calculation
Enterprise Value = €291.77m | Revenue (TTM) = €1.31b
Enterprise Value = €291.77m | Forward Revenue = €1.31b
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- EV/Sales allows for capital structure–neutral company comparisons.
- A lower ratio may indicate undervaluation; a higher one may signal strong growth expectations or overvaluation.
- Especially helpful when evaluating high-growth companies with low or negative earnings.
📘 Enterprise Value to Free Cash Flow (EV/FCF) | ex SBC
📈 What is it?
EV/FCF compares a company’s enterprise value with its free cash flow. The metric therefore shows the multiple of current free cash flow at which a company is valued. EV/FCF ex SBC additionally accounts for stock-based compensation (SBC). While SBC does not represent a direct cash outflow, issuing shares as compensation can dilute existing shareholders. Therefore, SBC is deducted from free cash flow in this adjusted version.
🧮 How is it calculated?
EV/FCF ex SBC = Enterprise Value ÷ (Free Cash Flow (TTM) − SBC)
🏛️ Why is it important?
EV/FCF provides a valuation based on free cash flow and therefore complements earnings-based valuation metrics such as the P/E ratio. The ex SBC version additionally accounts for the economic impact of stock-based compensation and provides a more conservative view from a shareholder perspective.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low EV/FCF means that enterprise value is low relative to current free cash flow. The reasons should always be considered in the context of the company and its industry.
- A high EV/FCF means that enterprise value is high relative to current free cash flow. This can, for example, reflect high growth expectations or temporarily weak cash generation.
- When SBC is positive and adjusted free cash flow remains positive, EV/FCF ex SBC is generally higher than the standard EV/FCF.
- The metric is particularly useful for companies with relatively stable and predictable cash flows.
- If free cash flow is negative or very low, EV/FCF has limited usefulness and should not be interpreted like a standard valuation multiple.
📘 Price-to-Book Ratio (P/B)
📈 What is it?
The P/B ratio compares a company’s market value to its book value — showing how much investors are paying for each dollar of net assets.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
P/B is commonly used for asset-heavy industries like banks or industrials. It helps assess whether a stock is trading above or below its net asset value.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A P/B below 1 may signal undervaluation — or weak profitability.
- A P/B above 1 implies the market expects future value creation (e.g., brand, IP, growth).
- Best used for companies with tangible assets and strong balance sheets.
📘 Dividend per Share (DPS)
📈 What is it?
Dividend per Share shows how much cash a company pays out to shareholders for each share they own – usually on an annual or quarterly basis.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
DPS is the absolute value of the payout per share – crucial for income-focused investors and dividend strategies.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A stable or growing DPS often signals a strong, shareholder-friendly business.
- DPS alone doesn’t tell you how attractive the payout is – the stock price also matters (→ see Dividend Yield).
- Long-term dividend growth is often a hallmark of high-quality companies – like the dividend aristocrats.
📘 Dividend Yield
📈 What is it?
Dividend yield shows how large a company’s dividend is in relation to its current share price.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It allows investors to compare dividend payouts across stocks, regardless of price or payout size.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A stable yield can reflect reliable distributions.
- Comparing 1Y and 5Y yield shows whether dividend growth keeps pace with stock price appreciation.
- A low yield isn’t always negative – it can signal strong past performance or growth focus.
📘 Dividend Growth
📈 What is it?
Dividend growth shows how much a company has increased its dividend per share over time.
🧮 How is it calculated?
5Y: Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
🏛️ Why is it important?
Consistently rising dividends are often a sign of financial strength and shareholder orientation – especially relevant for long-term investors.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Stable dividend growth is a sign of sustainable earning power.
- High dividend growth can significantly boost your total return:
- If a company pays $1 in dividends and increases it by 15% annually over 5 years, you’ll receive $2 per share in year 5 – twice as much as at the start!
📘 Payout Ratio
📈 What is it?
The payout ratio shows what percentage of a company’s earnings (per share) is distributed to shareholders as dividends.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It helps assess whether the dividend is sustainable – especially in relation to the company’s profitability.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low payout ratio means the company retains more earnings for reinvestment – typical for growth companies.
- A moderate payout (e.g. 25–50%) indicates a healthy balance between returns and reinvestment.
- High payout ratios may seem attractive but can carry risk if earnings decline.
📘 Consecutive Dividend Increases
📈 What is it?
This metric shows how many consecutive years a company has raised its dividend per share – without any cuts or pauses.
🧮 How is it calculated?
(Special dividends are not considered.)
🏛️ Why is it important?
A long track record of increases reflects financial strength, consistency, and shareholder commitment.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A long dividend increase streak builds confidence – especially in volatile markets.
- Such companies are seen as reliable and income-friendly investments.
- The longer the streak, the stronger the company’s dividend discipline.
📘 Revenue
📈 What is it?
Revenue shows how much a company earns in total from selling its products and services – the gross income before any costs are deducted.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
Revenue is one of the key figures to assess a company’s size, market position, and growth potential.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Growing revenue indicates rising demand and can be an early signal of future earnings growth.
- Comparing actual and expected revenue reveals trends in the market environment and analyst sentiment.
- Note: Strong revenue alone isn’t enough – margins and profitability matter just as much.
📘 EBITDA
📈 What is it?
EBITDA stands for “Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization.” It reflects a company’s operating profit before the effects of financing, taxes, and accounting depreciation.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
EBITDA is widely used to evaluate a company’s operating performance – especially across capital-intensive sectors or international comparisons.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high or growing EBITDA indicates strong operational profitability – independent of taxes, interest, or accounting methods.
- It’s especially useful for comparing companies across sectors or geographies.
- Important: EBITDA is not a net income figure – it excludes key costs like depreciation and interest.
📘 EBIT
📈 What is it?
EBIT stands for “Earnings Before Interest and Taxes.” It reflects a company’s operating profit after depreciation, but before interest and tax expenses.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
EBIT is a core profitability metric that shows how well the company performs in its main business operations – independent of capital structure and tax environment.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high EBIT indicates strong profitability from the company’s core business – before financial and tax effects.
- It allows better comparison between companies with different debt levels or tax structures.
- Compared to EBITDA, EBIT already accounts for depreciation and reflects capital intensity more clearly.
📘 Net Income
📈 What is it?
Net income is the company’s total profit – the amount left after all expenses, taxes, interest, and depreciation have been deducted.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
Net income is the most comprehensive measure of a company’s profitability – showing how much actual profit remains after all business and financing costs.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Growing net income indicates that the company is managing all of its costs efficiently.
- It directly influences valuation metrics like P/E ratio and the company’s dividend capacity.
- Over time, net income trends reveal how resilient and profitable the business model really is.
📘 Free Cash Flow (FCF) | ex SBC
📈 What is it?
Free cash flow shows how much cash remains after a company has covered its operating and capital expenditures. FCF ex SBC additionally deducts stock-based compensation (SBC) to adjust the cash flow for the effect of non-cash SBC.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Free Cash Flow ex SBC = Operating Cash Flow − SBC − Capital Expenditures (CAPEX)
🏛️ Why is it important?
FCF reflects a company’s actual financial strength – independent of reported accounting earnings. It shows how much flexibility a company has for dividends, share buybacks, or debt reduction. FCF ex SBC also deducts stock-based compensation and shows how much cash generation remains after SBC.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- High free cash flow indicates that a company has strong financial strength – independent of reported earnings.
- It is often a solid basis for sustainable dividends and share buybacks.
- Declining FCF can be a warning sign, even if reported earnings remain stable.
📘 Revenue Growth
📈 What is it?
Revenue growth shows how much a company’s sales have changed compared to the previous year – both on a trailing basis (TTM) and based on forward projections.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Forward = (Expected revenue ÷ Revenue in prior year − 1) × 100
Forward growth is based on analyst estimates for the current fiscal year.
🏛️ Why is it important?
Rising revenue signals growing demand, business expansion, and market share gains – especially important for growth-oriented companies.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Growth is the engine of long-term value creation – especially in tech and growth sectors.
- What matters is not just current growth, but its sustainability.
- Forward projections reflect whether analysts expect continued momentum – or a slowdown.
📘 EBITDA Growth
📈 What is it?
EBITDA growth shows how much a company’s operating profit (before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) has increased or decreased compared to the previous year.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Forward = (Expected EBITDA ÷ EBITDA from prior year − 1) × 100
The forward estimate is based on analyst projections for the current fiscal year.
🏛️ Why is it important?
Growing EBITDA indicates improving operational profitability – regardless of financing or accounting effects.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Strong EBITDA growth signals operational efficiency and scalability – especially during growth phases.
- EBITDA growth can be an early indicator of margin and earnings expansion – but should be assessed alongside revenue and EBIT.
📘 EBIT Growth
📈 What is it?
EBIT growth shows how much a company’s operating profit (after depreciation, but before interest and taxes) has increased compared to the previous year.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Forward = (Expected EBIT ÷ EBIT from prior year − 1) × 100
The forward estimate is based on analyst projections for the current fiscal year.
🏛️ Why is it important?
EBIT growth is a direct indicator of a company’s business performance – taking into account capital intensity through depreciation.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Rising EBIT signals improving operating profitability – even after accounting for depreciation.
- It’s especially important for evaluating companies with significant capital expenditures.
- Combined with revenue and EBITDA growth, EBIT growth provides a well-rounded view of operational progress.
📘 Net Income Growth
📈 What is it?
Net income growth shows how much a company’s bottom-line profit has increased or decreased compared to the previous year – both on a trailing basis (TTM) and based on analyst projections.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Forward = (Expected net income ÷ Net income from prior year − 1) × 100
The forward estimate reflects analysts’ expectations for the current fiscal year.
🏛️ Why is it important?
Net income is the ultimate measure of profitability. Growing net income signals stronger efficiency, cost control, and sustainable earnings power.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Stronger net income boosts valuation, dividend potential, and investor confidence.
- If profits stall while revenue grows, it may signal margin pressure.
📘 Free Cash Flow Growth
📈 What is it?
Free cash flow (FCF) growth shows how a company’s available cash – after covering operating expenses and capital expenditures – has changed compared to the previous year.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
Free cash flow reflects real financial strength. Growing FCF indicates more flexibility for dividends, share buybacks, and reinvestment.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Declining FCF may point to rising investments, increasing costs, or weaker operating performance.
- Especially for dividend investors, FCF growth is critical – since dividends are paid from actual available cash.
- A negative trend isn't always bad, but it deserves closer attention.
📘 Gross Margin
📈 What is it?
Gross margin shows how much of a company’s revenue remains after deducting the direct costs of goods sold (like materials and production). It represents the company’s “raw profit” before fixed costs, taxes, and interest.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Or simply: Gross Margin = Gross Profit ÷ Revenue × 100
🏛️ Why is it important?
Gross margin indicates how efficiently a company can produce or procure what it sells. It is a key measure of product-level profitability and pricing power.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high gross margin suggests strong pricing power and efficient production.
- Falling margins may signal rising input costs or competitive pressure.
- Compared to peers, gross margin offers insights into the quality of a business model.
📘 EBITDA Margin
📈 What is it?
The EBITDA margin shows how much of a company’s revenue remains as operating profit before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.It reflects operating efficiency without being distorted by financing or accounting factors.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
The EBITDA margin reveals how much operating income a company generates per dollar of revenue – independent of capital structure and tax effects.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high EBITDA margin reflects strong core profitability – before accounting distortions.
- It allows for effective comparisons across companies and sectors.
- A stable or growing margin signals efficient cost control and business scalability.
📘 EBIT Margin
📈 What is it?
The EBIT margin shows what percentage of revenue remains as operating profit after depreciation but before interest and taxes.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
The EBIT margin reflects a company’s core profitability while accounting for capital intensity (e.g. machinery, infrastructure). It’s especially useful for comparing businesses with different levels of depreciation.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high EBIT margin shows that the company remains efficient even after factoring in depreciation.
- It’s especially relevant for capital-intensive industries.
- Stable or rising EBIT margins over time are a strong indicator of pricing power and business quality.
📘 Net Margin
📈 What is it?
Net margin shows how much of a company’s revenue remains as bottom-line profit after deducting all costs, interest, taxes, and depreciation.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
Net margin reflects a company’s overall efficiency – across operations, financing, and taxation. It shows how much actual profit is generated from each dollar of revenue.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high net margin means the company is not only strong operationally but also manages financing and taxes efficiently.
- Peer comparisons reveal business quality and competitiveness.
- Declining margins despite revenue growth can be a red flag for rising costs or inefficiencies.
📘 Free Cash Flow Margin | ex SBC
📈 What is it?
The Free Cash Flow Margin shows how much free cash flow a company generates relative to its revenue. In simplified terms, free cash flow is calculated as operating cash flow minus capital expenditures. The Free Cash Flow Margin ex SBC additionally accounts for stock-based compensation (SBC). While SBC does not represent a direct cash outflow, issuing shares as compensation can dilute existing shareholders. Therefore, SBC is deducted from free cash flow in this adjusted metric.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Free Cash Flow Margin ex SBC = (Free Cash Flow − SBC) ÷ Revenue × 100
🏛️ Why is it important?
The Free Cash Flow Margin shows how efficiently a company converts its revenue into free cash flow. Strong free cash flow can provide financial flexibility for dividends, share buybacks, debt repayment, or further investments. The ex SBC version additionally accounts for the economic impact of stock-based compensation and therefore provides a more conservative view of cash generation from a shareholder perspective.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high Free Cash Flow Margin shows that a company converts a high proportion of its revenue into free cash flow.
- This can provide greater financial flexibility for dividends, share buybacks, debt repayment, or investments.
- The Free Cash Flow Margin ex SBC additionally accounts for potential shareholder dilution from stock-based compensation.
- The long-term trend is particularly important. Declining margins can, for example, result from higher investments, changes in working capital, or weaker operating performance.
📘 Equity Ratio
📈 What is it?
The equity ratio indicates what portion of a company’s total assets is financed by shareholders’ equity – in other words, how much it relies on its own capital.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
A high equity ratio reflects financial strength and stability, especially during downturns. It’s a key indicator of a company’s solvency and long-term risk profile.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Companies with high equity ratios are generally more resilient and less dependent on external debt.
- Low equity ratios can signal higher risk or aggressive financial strategies.
- Important: Always assess the equity ratio in combination with the return on equity (ROE). This shows not just how stable the company is – but also how efficiently it uses shareholder capital.
📘 Return on Equity (ROE)
📈 What is it?
Return on equity (ROE) shows how efficiently a company uses its shareholders’ equity to generate profit. In other words: how much net income is earned per dollar of equity.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
ROE is a core profitability metric. It helps investors understand whether a company delivers attractive returns on the capital provided by its shareholders.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high ROE indicates that the company is using its capital efficiently and profitably.
- It’s especially meaningful for capital-intensive businesses or firms with high equity bases.
- Important: A very high ROE can also result from high debt levels – always interpret it alongside the equity ratio to assess financial health.
📘 Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)
📈 What is it?
ROCE measures how efficiently a company generates profits from its total capital – including both equity and interest-bearing debt.
🧮 How is it calculated?
It evaluates the return on all capital employed, regardless of how it’s financed.
🏛️ Why is it important?
ROCE is ideal for comparing companies with different financing structures. It shows how well management uses capital to create value for both shareholders and creditors.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high ROCE means the company uses its capital efficiently – regardless of whether it's funded by debt or equity.
- The higher the ROCE compared to peers, the more value the company creates with its invested capital.
- Especially relevant for capital-intensive sectors like industrials, energy, or infrastructure.
📘 Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
📈 What is it?
ROIC measures how efficiently a company generates returns from the capital invested in its core operations – regardless of whether the capital comes from equity or debt.
🧮 How is it calculated?
- NOPAT = Net Operating Profit After Taxes
- Invested Capital = Operating assets minus non-interest-bearing liabilities
🏛️ Why is it important?
ROIC is one of the most accurate indicators of capital efficiency. Unlike return on equity, it is not distorted by leverage and shows how much value is created for all capital providers.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high ROIC shows how effectively a company uses the capital that is truly invested in its core operations.
- Unlike ROCE, ROIC focuses only on the capital that is actively used to run the business – and that requires a return (i.e. interest-bearing).
- Especially useful when comparing companies with large amounts of excess cash or non-interest-bearing liabilities – giving a more realistic picture of capital efficiency.
📘 Leverage Ratio (Debt-to-Equity)
📈 What is it?
The leverage ratio indicates how much a company relies on interest-bearing debt (such as loans and bonds) relative to its shareholders’ equity.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
This ratio helps assess a company’s financial structure and risk profile. High leverage can enhance returns – but also increases exposure to interest rate changes and financial stress.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low leverage ratio signals financial strength and independence.
- A higher ratio can improve returns in good times but increases risk during downturns or rising interest rate periods.
- 👉 Always interpret in the context of industry, capital intensity, and interest rate environment.
📘 Earnings per share (EPS)
📈 What is it?
Earnings per Share (EPS) shows how much profit is attributable to a single share – and is one of the most important metrics for evaluating a company's performance.
🧮 How is it calculated?
The diluted share count reflects potential new shares that could be issued through options, convertible bonds, or other rights.
🏛️ Why is it important?
EPS is the basis for many key valuation metrics like P/E ratio, PEG ratio, or payout ratio. It enables comparisons of profitability across companies, regardless of their size.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- EPS captures per-share profitability and is especially useful for comparisons over time or with analyst estimates.
- Rising EPS may signal consistent growth or share buybacks.
- Important: Always use diluted EPS for more realistic valuations – especially in companies with stock-based compensation.
📘 Free cash flow per share (FCF per share)
📈 What is it?
Free Cash Flow per Share shows how much free cash flow a company generates per outstanding share – after investments, but before dividends or debt repayments.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Free cash flow is calculated as operating cash flow minus capital expenditures (CapEx).
🏛️ Why is it important?
FCF per Share reveals how much real cash is available per share – useful for dividends, buybacks, or reducing debt. Unlike net income, free cash flow is harder to manipulate and often seen as a more reliable metric.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- High FCF per share signals strong financial flexibility.
- It shows how much capital the company can effectively reinvest or return to shareholders.
- Particularly relevant for dividend payers and capital-efficient businesses.
📘 Short interest
📈 What is it?
Short interest indicates how many shares of a company are currently sold short – that is, borrowed and sold by investors who expect the price to decline.
🧮 How is it calculated?
It reflects the percentage of a company’s shares that are being shorted relative to the total shares available.
🏛️ Why is it important?
Short interest serves as a sentiment indicator: A high value may signal skepticism or bearish expectations – but also increases the potential for a short squeeze if prices rise unexpectedly.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Low short interest usually indicates market confidence in the company.
- High short interest can be a warning sign – or an opportunity if sentiment shifts.
- Especially relevant in volatile markets or ahead of key earnings releases.
📘 Employees
📈 What is it?
The employee count shows how many people a company employs worldwide – offering insights into its size, structure, and business model.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It helps assess operational scale, labor intensity, and cost structure. Combined with revenue and profit, it enables key metrics like revenue per employee or productivity.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high headcount can signal operational complexity – but also significant growth capacity.
- Revenue per employee is a key indicator of efficiency.
- Especially useful for comparing tech, industrial, or service-heavy companies.
📘 Revenue per employee
📈 What is it?
Revenue per employee indicates how much revenue a company generates on average per employee – a key measure of efficiency and productivity.
🧮 How is it calculated?
The employee count is typically taken from the most recent annual report.
🏛️ Why is it important?
This metric helps compare business models – especially between labor-intensive and technology-driven companies. A high value suggests automation, operational efficiency, or strong value creation per head.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
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Koenig & Bauer Stock Analysis
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Koenig & Bauer Events
Past Events
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AUG
5
Q2 2026 Earnings Call
about 2 months ago
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MAY
5
Q1 2026 Earnings Call
5 months ago
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MAR
25
Q4 2025 Earnings Call
6 months ago
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NOV
4
Q3 2025 Earnings Call
11 months ago
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StocksGuide Free
Koenig & Bauer — Q2 2026 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
So good afternoon, and welcome today's call. Thank you for joining and taking the time on a busy Capital Markets Day, where many are publishing the figures to listen in and get an update on where Koenig & Bauer is after the first 6 months of our financial year.
To put it bluntly, we're quite satisfied with Q2. It was a great recovery after a weak start in Q1 on the sales and profitability side, where we were slightly behind prior year. Thanks to a very strong Q2, we were able to fully recover and on nearly all KPIs you can look at throughout the day and throughout the report, we're now better off than where we were 12 months ago.
But starting at the beginning at the top line, I think the greatest news and the most important thing for the German machinery equipment makers is that we have a fantastic order intake and a record order backlog despite all of the continued and ongoing issues throughout the world and an overall generally weak global economy, the continued burden of the U.S. tariffs and disruptions due to wars and supply chains and energy costs, our order intake in the first half of this year was the highest we've seen now in 8 years at EUR 709 million, leading to a record order backlog as of June 30 of over EUR 1.1 billion.
So it's a tremendous effort from our sales teams, from our sales and service units throughout the world, a vote of confidence from our customers and despite the headwind we see throughout the world still ongoing, a fantastic result. And this is the most important thing and gives us very, very good vision or insight into how the rest of the year will go and gives a lot of confidence when I get to our guidance that we're going to be able to confirm everything that we have committed to you in the past months.
I mentioned as well, it's not just about order intake and record order backlog. It's also that our earnings had a very strong turnaround in Q2. My CFO colleague, Alex Blum, will, of course, go into it in more detail. But we had significant Q2 earnings with an operating EBITDA of nearly -- or more than nearly EUR 20 million higher than prior year, higher than -- prior quarter, sorry, and are now after 6 months ahead of where we were this time last year. And that's, of course, important.
In addition, it wasn't just about earnings and not just about profitability and EBITDA. It's also about cash flow. We had very strong performance in both working capital management as well as our general cash flow management so that -- contrary to prior year, we now showed a very strong positive cash flow in the quarter and a significant increase both quarter-on-quarter and year-on-year. But as mentioned, my colleague will go into this in more detail.
So order intake, order backlog, earnings, cash flow, no matter where you look, it was a strong Q2 and helped us to close out a strong H1 compared to prior year. We're also working hard on strategic initiatives going forward, how can we get Koenig & Bauer more fit for the future. Our impact initiatives, which we have announced earlier this year are really gaining momentum. A lot of it is about competitiveness. It's also about competitiveness in our biggest segment, the Paper and Packaging segment. We're working on a lot of cost-down measures, manufacturing cost reductions, structural cost reductions, but we also announced a price increase as of July 1, 2026. of around 3% throughout the portfolio in that segment for most of the portfolio, which is going to help us as we push this through into the market and into our awards going forward to help compensate some of these price pressures or cost pressures and improve profitability in the segment going forward.
That all leads to -- if you add all these things up, again, order intake, earnings, cash flow and also our hard work on structural costs and pricing efficiency and pricing discipline. This all gives us confidence that throughout the rest of 2026, we're going to achieve our full year targets. Despite this weak start of the year, our full year target remains intact after this strong quarter. And our focus in the next half of the year is going to be on executing and preparing ourselves for 2027 and the years coming. So that's the introduction. That's the high-level picture.
I think it's -- no matter where you look, you're finding a positive trend and good news. If we go into more detail, particularly on the order intake and the revenue side, again, a very strong recovery and a very strong performance in both segments. Paper and Packaging, we see, of course, the market consolidation with the insolvency of one of the 4 big players in our offset market. that helps our market dynamics as one of our competitors has ceased production of new machines. This, of course, gives us some tailwind in this market. We're seeing sustained high demand in a lot of our key markets despite all of the challenges, a lot of the key accounts continuing to remain a little bit hesitant to place large orders, but we are seeing strong and robust order intake.
The VDMA average at plus 14%. We were able to beat by nearly 3 percentage points, which is great news also on the sales side, 1.4% higher sales after the first half of the year compared to an overall German machine equipment making trend of minus 14%. So if you think back 12 months ago, 18 months ago, we've been talking about strong order intake and strong order backlog for quite a while. So now we're seeing that other companies are also seeing some increases, but we're actually profiting from our strong order intake last year to show a slight increase in sales, which is very much against the trend we're seeing in the overall market.
Special & New Technologies, we see a countercyclical resilience. So I'll talk more about this in the next slide, but not only driven by banknote business awards, we're seeing year-on-year pickup in Digital & Web, in MetalPrint and in particularly in Banknote Solutions. So overall, the market dynamics, Koenig & Bauer is outperforming the industry trend, and there is some good tailwind for us going forward.
If we go into that a little bit more in detail on the next page. Banknote I think one of the quotes in our press release is that the death of banknotes has been greatly exaggerated. It's been anticipated by people that aren't within the industry that banknotes will continue to decline as digital payments become more popular, and that simply is not the reality. We see that global uncertainties that regulatory measures are strengthening across the globe, the relevance of cash. We have a very strong order backlog in our important Banknote Solutions business unit in Africa, in Latin America, strong order intake again in Q2, and that helps us in the segment. But I repeat, the S&T order backlog is not just driven by banknote solutions, but banknote is the strongest contributor year-on-year by far.
And despite this strong order backlog, we also continue to see a strong, robust pipeline of future products going forward. And this is driven by a lot of different things. There's cash and the value of euros in circulation has actually risen the last 6 years by over EUR 1.5 trillion, up 28%. So cash continues to be a major method for storing value for stockpiling despite all of our digital payment methods. We see a massive need for safety net and resilience, whether it's blackouts in Spain or wars or other issues that a lot of countries are recognizing the need for sustainable cash management, sustainable cash availability at all times. And not just that, it's also about data protection and privacy. There is no data tracing with cash transactions. 60% of consumers just in the Euro area have privacy concerns about digital payments. And we see this in our order backlog.
We see it in our order pipeline, but we also see it in facts on the ground. Two examples at the bottom of the slide. It's not just about new countries in Africa and Latin America that are investing in their own cash production facilities. It's also about first world European countries issuing the next series of euro banknotes. Despite 20 years ago, the Central Bank in Europe announcing that they didn't expect to ever do another series. Since then, they've done 3, and now there's a decision to launch another series of redesigned euro banknotes. Sweden, which was long famous for announcing their target for the end of cash and a full digital society in 2026, just recently passed a law, complete U-turn on their policy, mandating cash acceptance throughout the country in B2C transactions. So massive trends and it's very important business for us.
And I think the message is this is not a short-term one-off 1 or 2 projects. we see a real renaissance in the future of banknotes going forward despite anything anybody on this call may think from their daily lives about the reduction of cash in the world. It's important as this is obviously one of our largest business units, I think it's important for the capital market and for our investors to understand that this business is very healthy and healthy going forward.
We've also talked in the past about spin-offs from our banknote business where the reputation as being a trusted provider, a trusted supplier for security features, for security applications has allowed us to spin off one of our digital business units, Vision Protection with our product, Protected@Print, so how to apply security features to things like packaging, whether it's pharmaceutical or luxury goods or other products. And we announced this around a year ago, and this slide is serving to just keep you reminded that it is an important initiative of ours, and it is moving forward.
Our certified protection of print providers is growing month by month. We have at the bottom, you see very strong companies, whether it's in India or in Asia that have now partnered with us for certifying themselves for producing protective packaging in their facilities, including also a large company in Europe that is double certified for the pharmaceutical sector, again, how to add more protection to packaging, particularly in pharmaceutical industries to protect from false and fake and counterfeit medicines that is a major issue in this industry.
So a lot going on, on the banknote and the spin-off world. And that's, of course, not all. We're also pushing forward in our impact initiatives. We've picked out just 6 or 7 examples of initiatives we're working on. This is something we're living really every day, week by week in our management meetings in how we structure our priorities, our investments, our initiatives, our focus along these 6 pillars of our strategy, whether it's intelligence or go-to-market or people or resilience issues, competitiveness or investments in new technology.
This is going to continue to follow us in the coming years. And it's not just a slogan, it's really things we're working on. Six examples on the next 2 pages. On the intelligence side, we announced again our continued partnership with Siemens for our machine electronics and our machine PCBs and dryers for creating a new product-oriented IT infrastructure in our -- linked to our mechanical engineering. This was strengthened again in the summer with an announcement. And with Siemens, we have one of -- we are one of only a very, very small handful of industrial companies strategically partnered with Siemens for getting their latest IT and electronic hardware and software into our machines, plan to launch -- target to launch in drupa 2028.
On top of that, we talked already at the general assembly, our partnership with RobCo, a German-based, Munich-based scale-up robotic company that is very innovative in the use of no-code robotics, but also modular and efficient robotics with zero barrier automation. Also here, a strong example of our intelligence pillar for our strategy. Also here, speed, rolling out our first customer installation in Q1 2027. It's also about go-to-market. We mentioned Digital 1.0, so our existing digital printing portfolio, where we are the pioneers in industrial digital printing.
One of our big initiatives, VariJET 106, so the Sheetfed digital printer that we partner with Durst. We have now the second serial installation at a company in Poland that ran great. I was at the customer just a couple of months ago, an efficient fast installation with a ramp-up and operational start. This product is ready for ramping up in the months and quarters in years to come, and that's part of our go-to-market strategy.
Three or more examples on the following page. On the resilience side or adaptability side, we announced earlier this year in January that we intended to close our Frankenthal facility by the end of May, and we closed the facility at the end of May. We didn't just announce it. We executed. We closed the doors on May 31. That led, of course, to a nonoperating extraordinary effect of around EUR 6.7 million, but very necessary for us and I think for many companies like us in Germany to reduce our structural costs, become more efficient in our footprint. And in our overall structures within Germany and within Europe.
And if we decide to do something like close the plant, this is how to do it efficient and executing on time. On the people front, we announced that we invested in a U.S. customer training center. One of the big major issues in the United States and across many countries throughout the world is the lack of skilled workers capable of running, operating, repairing our machines. We invested in a U.S. customer trainer where we will be selling training services to our customers where they can send their employees to our facility for week-long, month-long training sessions for skilling up the labor force specifically for our customers, a dedicated training press at this customer training center as an answer for our customers to help them moving forward.
And also in people, it's about management changes. We announced earlier this year that we have decided not to divest our Koenig & Bauer Coding subsidiary that was under strategic review, whether it made sense to divest or partner or to continue operating under our ownership. We decided at the end of that process to keep Koenig & Bauer Coding within the Koenig & Bauer Group as sole shareholder, but we also recognize we need to revamp and attack this market in new ways and with a new focus, and we promoted internally a new CEO for this division, Benjamin Zierold, who formally and has been with the company for over 20 years and grew up mostly in the banknote solutions industry with the discipline it comes from that highly profitable segment. So also here an evidence that we're not just talking about impact and talking about initiatives. We're working along these pillars to bring Koenig & Bauer into the next stage.
And we'll keep pushing and keeping you updated on what we're working on and why we're working on it. And it's not just me, it's also my colleague, Alex Blum, who will hand over -- I will hand over to and he can talk about a couple of other highlights and then move into the figures. So Alex, the stage is yours.
Thank you very much. Good afternoon, and welcome to the call. It's my pleasure also to present the next highlight. We had the great honor to deliver the first newspaper rotary press to the Augsburger Allgemeine, a pretty well-known newspaper in Germany. And it is for 2 reasons, a very important event for Koenig & Bauer. First of all, as you know, newspaper rotary presses are the basis, the foundation of Koenig & Bauer. That is clearly a tradition even though they do not play a role in our current business. It is always nice to see that sometimes one or the other presses of such a caliber are ordered by customers, and we are able to install them. And the second reason is one of our major competitors with regard to newspaper rotary presses is directly located in Augsburg. That's why it was a special honor for us that the traditional newspaper, Augsburger Allgemeine was choosing Koenig & Bauer for the first time for an installation of rotary press in their home city, Augsburg.
With regard to order intake, as my colleague, Stephen already has mentioned, it was a fantastic first half of first half year 2026 for Koenig & Bauer. We've been able to increase our order intake by nearly 17%, up to EUR 709 million. And that is a fantastic success in these -- in today's times, which, of course, are still critical with regards to all the global crisis. So we have not only that we can keep our intake stable, we are able to grow our order intake. And that is one of the most important foundation and basis of the business and our company.
Also with regards to the 2 segments, Paper and Packaging and Special & New Technologies, both segments have been able to grow their order intake compared to the first half of the year 2025. That leads us to the historic high order backlog. And you probably remember a backlog above EUR 1 billion is not the natural state for Koenig & Bauer. This is still -- it's always a very good backlog, even though we saw in the recent past, a lot of quarters where we have been able to achieve a backlog of above EUR 1 billion.
Now with -- after the second quarter, we've been able to increase our order backlog to EUR 1.1 billion, and that is a historic high for Koenig & Bauer and once again, one of the key anchors in volatile markets. Revenues still are fairly flat, only a small increase by 1.4%, but also with regard to the nature of our business, there is a lot of seasonality. And during the year, the revenues are always lower than they are in the second half of the year. So this is in line with our expectation. Very good for us. We have a strong book-to-bill ratio of nearly 1.3, and this is demonstrating clearly that we are able to grow also operationally our business.
Having a look at the revenue split by region, and there are 3 interesting statements. First of all, let us start with the negative one. If you look at the bottom line of the revenue split, if you look to Germany and rest of Europe, you clearly see that there is a decline in revenues that we've been able to generate compared to last year. And I think, unfortunately, this is not a surprise if we take into consideration the overall situation, economic situation of Europe and our home markets in Germany. Above that, the red column it's a very positive news because this is reflecting North America. And last year, in 2025, revenues have been decreasing in North America due to all the and custom policy discussions that we have and the high amount of uncertainty after the new President has published its tariff and trade policy. But the very good news is that in 2026, America came back, and we've been able to increase our revenues again in this year.
And another very positive news for Koenig & Bauer is that in Africa, Latin America, in this region, we've been able to grow our revenues by around 40% as well. It is still a fairly small region for Koenig & Bauer, but it is definitely a promising region with regards to future growth perspective. And that's why we are very, very satisfied and proud that we've been able to step in this region more successfully and that we are able to grow our revenues within Africa and Latin America, a new important growth market also for Koenig & Bauer.
Earnings. Our earnings with regard to operating EBITDA grew by over 20% compared to last year. We achieved EUR 14.1 million operating EBITDA, and that is a very good result as it shows even in difficult times that we are able to walk our talk and strive to be always a little bit better than in the past, even though there is no tailwind from markets or global economy, we are able to do our homework internally as Koenig & Bauer and increase profitability slowly but surely.
On the right-hand side, you find the split of our operating EBITDA to our 2 segments. And the very positive news is that the S&T segment had a very strong result in the first half year of 2026 with EUR 11.8 million. Unfortunately, Paper & Packaging is negative and is under pressure. We have already described this phenomenon in the past. Unfortunately, the overall offset market, there is high pressure with regard to margins, and this is affecting our profitability. If we look at our main competitors, this is not a development and phenomenon, which is only true for Koenig & Bauer. It's unfortunately a global development, which is true for all of our competitors with regards to sheetfed offset printing market.
This is the key focus of our further management attention. We need to turn around also the profitability in the Paper & Packaging segment as we have done it successfully in the past with the S&T segment. Let us have a special look at the stand-alone second quarter 2026. And there, you see a strong increase in profitability by over 38%, up to EUR 17 million in quarter 2 alone. And that was really a very strong and successful quarter even after the first quarter, which was lower than last year. It was important for us to turn around the story and to show that after the first 6 months of the year, we achieved a better profitability than in the last year. Also with regards to the 2 segments, positive message with regard to Paper & Packaging is that the second quarter for Paper & Packaging was again positive with EUR 6.8 million. But nevertheless, it will be the key -- one of our key focus areas for us as management for future.
Cash flow, another very positive development. We achieved a positive cash flow in second quarter of EUR 17.8 million. Compared to the second quarter 2025 with minus EUR 55.3 million, this is a huge increase. And it is also something which is due to the seasonality of our business, not always the normal case. You know that the last quarter is by far the strongest one. And you also see this if you have a look at this table for the quarters of 2025.
The last quarter is the one where Koenig & Bauer is generating its cash and it's generating its main profits. This is this is definitely -- this kind of seasonality is the nature of our business. However, it is positive to see that we've been able to manage a very good cash situation even though in the first half of the year 2026. And how this was done, you can find on the next page in the middle, we've been able to decrease our net working capital by EUR 70 million -- by EUR 60 million.
And we achieved a net working capital ratio of 21.4%, which is a very good KPI for the machinery business. And -- this is the main reason why we've been able to create such a strong cash position or such a strong free cash flow also compared to the last year. And the reason for the strong net working capital is, first of all, the classical working capital with special regards to inventories, but also with regards to prepayments from our customers that we've been able to receive. Both have been influenced very positively in the first half of 2026.
And therefore, our net financial position decreased also from minus EUR 210 million last year to minus EUR 149 million this year.
Let us have a special look at the segments and a little deeper look at the segments. First of all, positive news with Paper & Packaging is a growth of order intake in Q2 by 15% compared to the quarter -- the year-on-year quarter comparison. And also if you have a look at Q1 in 2026 for Paper & Packaging, it was stronger than the Q1 2025. So with regard to order entry, Paper & Packaging is doing a very good job. With regard to profitability, and this is the bottom line, you see the pressure. And even though the second quarter have been quite successful, if you combine first quarter and second quarter, you see that we are below the profitability of last year. And as said before, this is a special focus of us to bring back more and stronger profitability also to the Paper & Packaging segment. Fortunately, we are in a good position as the order intake is pretty stable. So we have a very good backlog, and we have a very good basis for our homework that we need to achieve.
Special & New Technology also has a very successful order intake, especially strong in Q2 this year with over EUR 200 million. So this is definitely a highlight. And also, as Stephen already has said, of course, one of the main drivers is the banknote business, but it's not the only driver. We also see very good progress within D&W, Digital & Web, and also with Metal. So there are other business units also contributing to this positive development of the S&T segment.
And also with regards to profitability, you find on the bottom line that each quarter was better than the quarter in the period before. So there we find -- there we see a strong increase in profitability and the strong growth of our operating EBITDA. Pro forma reporting of the Digital & Web, as said before and as promised, we will -- as this was always a very special business units within Koenig & Bauer, we want to keep the transparency. We want to provide the transparency to you how Digital & Web out of the S&T segment is developing.
And there, you see that also order intake is growing, not to the extent that we have hoped for, but it is growing. It's definitely heading in the right direction. And with regard to profitability, you see a strong increase compared to the first quarter -- first and second quarter 2025. It is still negative with minus EUR 0.7 million and minus EUR 1.1 million, but it is developing within our plans, within our expectations, and it's clearly heading in the right direction, even though, of course, we are not yet there where we want to be and where we need to be with regard to profitability. But positive tendency and a positive result after the first half year 2026.
That brings me to the outlook for the rest of the year. And we promised the guidance with a stable business performance with group revenues of EUR 1.1 billion and an operating EBITDA of around EUR 80 million, and we clearly can confirm our guidance with the first half results as presented today.
One of the basis for this -- for our guidance is our strong operating resilience supported by our high order backlog with over EUR 1.1 billion and with a very positive growing order intake.
So let me allow me to summarize the 3 key takeaways from our perspective that are really important. First of all, earnings turnaround and positive free cash flow has been achieved especially in the second quarter. So we also can show that we walk our talk and that despite the crisis that we live in and the uncertainties that we live in that we are able to deliver and increase profitability. Second, we have the historic high order backlog, and that clearly secures our capacity utilization and also is offering us enough time to do our homework to conduct to conduct our strategy, our impact program with the measures defined in order to achieve our strategic goals. And last but not least, we see a good resilience over our segments. If one of the segment isn't performing that strongly, it can be compensated successfully by the other segment.
And that's what we clearly see also in these days, and it is offering a great advantage to us as Koenig & Bauer as we are more resilient than maybe other companies that only are bound to 1 or 2 markets.
Having said that, I just want to remind you that we will be present at the conference in Frankfurt beginning of September, The Equity Forum, and very happy to see one or the other of you in person. So we will be there and also present Koenig & Bauer and maybe we have the chance to have -- also have a personal chat or discussion, which I would -- I'm looking very much forward to it. That's from my side. Thank you very much, and I'm handing back to Stephen.
Thanks, Alex. And I think you summarized everything already. So I'll just leave it at this last slide, just reminding you about our impact framework and the fact that this is the way we want to talk about our business and all of the many, many different initiatives we have ongoing to improve profitability across the very broad business and the broad portfolio that we have. We are leaving no stone unturned to use an old analogy. And I think you see it in our performance. It's a process. It's not one big shot that's going to fix everything, but it's a steady pushing on all of our buttons that we can push to improve Koenig & Bauer and bring it into the future. We're confident we're on the right track, and we're confident we're going to bring the rest of this year to a good close and look forward to the continued discussion with all of you in the various forms. And I will close out the meeting with that and hand back over to the operator for Q&A. We, of course, have a few minutes left in today's call and are happy to answer any questions you may have. Thank you.
[Operator Instructions]
First question comes from Stefan Augustin from Warburg Research.
2. Question Answer
I would be interested in general, if we look at the different market segments in Print and Packaging, like if we look at the different formats and the regions, what do you see especially right now as the development there? That would be the first question.
The second one would be then which product and Digital & Web was actually successful in the second quarter with respect to the order intake you made? And do you have a pipeline of more VariJET 106 to be delivered in 2026? That would be the first part of my question.
Okay. Then maybe I can take those. First starting with the markets. I mean, Koenig & Bauer in a lot of different branches within printing and packaging. If I start -- I don't want to go through all of them, but the broad trend is there's no clear country or region or part of the world that's doing better or than others where we say that's the motor and that's really stable and back on track.
We had -- if you take the example of maybe Italy last year, where Italy had a strong performance because of subsidies, those kind of singular countries that are just outperforming the rest. That's not the case. It's really a mixed picture across the globe. As Alex Blum already presented, Germany and Europe remain the weakest. That's something that shouldn't surprise most of you on the call.
We do see some good recoveries in the United States. We have good order intake. We -- but on the same note, we have through these mega mergers at a lot of our large customers. On the other hand, also in these markets, a continued reluctance for major CapEx decisions as the market consolidates within our customers. Middle East was strong, and now it's weak again, but we are placing orders there despite the ongoing conflict between Iran and the United States. Middle East, we're getting orders, but not as many as we would hope.
So it's a very mixed picture. I would say that of all of our businesses, it's still true that Kammann or glass printing and plastic hollow container printing, it remains the weakest. They're still profitable. They're still getting some orders, but the glass industry and the plastic container industry is really under pressure because of the high energy costs for glass production as well as petrochemicals for plastic container production. So that remains our weakest segment. But again, across the board, we're really happy with the development in these difficult times. There's almost no business unit where we really see a downward spiral. There is no where we see downward spiral. Most of them with the exception of this Kammann glass printing are showing year-on-year progress. And Kammann, to remind you, is only about 4% of Koenig & Bauer, so it's not that significant for the group.
We're able to make progress in nearly all our businesses despite the crazy times we're still living in, and that's what makes us confident that we're doing something right. And eventually, maybe we'll get lucky with some tailwinds in some of our markets, but we're not relying on it. We're really just cutting costs and focusing on doing what we can do. Digital & web, it's a mixture in the first half of the year between our CI Flexo business, our RotaJET business, the HP business. And of course, our newspaper service business is still strong. It's not one thing, but we are seeing progress in the CI Flexo world, where we, after transferring from Italy to Würzburg. Have really stabilized the business, stabilize the products and not only stabilizing our manufacturing costs, but also the pipeline itself looks quite good for helping us to build the factory in Würzburg.
It's not full yet, but we think we're on a good path. And your last question regarding the VariJETs, there's no installation scheduled for 2026, but there's a pipeline in various stages that we hope is going to give us a lot of tailwind into 2027. And I don't want to make putting numbers on it, but there's a strong interest in the VariJET. It's typical for our industry for customers to wait and see. They want to see successful installations. Tamir for me was the really first serial installation for our standard VariJET machine. We had 3 machines before that, but the beta -- 2 of them were our beta machines and one of them was a highly customized customer-specific VariJET for a specific application. The Tamir was really the first standard application of our VariJET technology at a customer. And again, the installation went great.
The customer was greening year-to-year when I visited and happy with the performance, and we're ready to scale. So we'll let you know when the pipeline fills, but we're really now -- even if we announced at drupa 2024, I would say the go-to-market for the VariJET is really just now starting where the customers can really see now the standard installations. Our demo machine in Radebeul is up and running, and I'm confident for 2027.
Good to hear. A follow-up maybe if I can, with respect to the price increase you -- that will be mainly effective likely in 2027, given your normal backlog pass-through. It's not long ago that you announced it. How do you -- can you elaborate a little bit on the acceptance by the customers on that announcement?
It's too early to tell, but I think it's something that they understand. I mean the inflationary pressures on our business are there. The margins in our industry are low. And I think it's something the customers, if we explain it correctly, understand and it shouldn't affect our order intake. We hope, of course, that our competitors will have the same necessity as what we see on the market. That's something that's still to be seen. We announced the price increase effective July 1.
So it's only about 5 weeks old. And you're right, it's affecting orders that will be -- or offers that we will submit after July 1. So it will affect order intake starting in Q2, Q3, Q4 this year and revenue certainly not in this year, more in 2027. But customers don't like price increases, of course. But we've gotten used to it in the last 5 years post-COVID with the high inflationary pressures we had, due to energy costs, due to inflation in general.
And we're confident that the market can absorb it, and we see it as an absolute necessity to relieve the pressure on our offset, particularly on offset businesses and allow us to earn money and hopefully also be able to continue to invest in innovation in these sectors. And we're confident in the future of offset, but we need these few percentage points to help relieve the pressure on the business.
And the next question comes from Patrick Speck from Montega AG.
Congrats, first of all, on a very strong performance in Q2. My first question is more and more industrial companies are reporting supply chain issues recently. How significant do you see this risk for Koenig & Bauer, especially in the second half of the year?
We have no major concerns at the moment. Alex, do you want to comment on that, but I...
I can just confirm it. We don't see any supply chain issues until now. And honestly, we don't expect any also in the further course of the year. So this is pretty stable. Of course, we have close interactions with our suppliers to be ahead of potential developments. And -- but thank God, no bad issues have been seen so far.
Very, very positive to hear. And maybe you can give a very short question on my next -- short answer, my next question as well because this is -- I mean, as anticipated, we did not see any further significant one-off effects in Q2. Does it mean that you are done with your restructuring? Or do you anticipate any further measures in the near-term future?
No, we are definitely not done. As also given you a short impression of what kind of initiatives are behind the strategic framework impact. There are also some classical cost down, cost-saving measures included and some of these measures also come along with one-off effects. So we don't -- we cannot share a more detailed update until today, but it is definitely true that we further want to and have to decrease the footprint of our business, reduce the structure of our business in order to become more profitable and be more competitive. And unfortunately, some of these measures also come along with more one-off effects.
Alex, if you allow me just to co-comment on that, just to set expectations. What we're not working towards is a big restructuring project announcement like a Spotlight or a P24 or a Fit@All. This is exactly the kind of thing we're trying to avoid these major announcements that are group-wide. It's more of a scalpel approach where we're looking at specific problems, trying to fix specific issues in a pace and in a financial scope that we can digest quarter-by-quarter, year-by-year. So don't expect any major announcements from us, but certainly expect restructuring efforts to continue to be a part of our daily business. But again, in a pace and in a size that we can manage within our means. We're not working on a major restructuring program like in the past decade at Koenig & Bauer frequently was the case.
Okay. Understood. My next question is, I mean, you mentioned some tailwinds from the Manroland insolvency in Q2. How do you view the takeover of their service business by your closest peer? And did you maybe also take a look at it?
It's always difficult to comment on competitors. Market consolidation is generally good for us. I mean it was absolutely urgent that consolidation happened in the offset industry. So in general, this -- as sad as it is for the affected employees at Manroland and the tradition of that company, the consolidation itself is good. I think you can imagine that Koenig & Bauer -- in a small market like ours, a major event like this happens, of course, we take a very, very strong look at it without commenting on any details of our involvement in the process.
At the end, we're absolutely fine with the outcome for Koenig & Bauer to consolidate and absorb a worldwide sales and service organization like Manroland. That would have been a major, major management effort and a lot of distraction for a lot of other issues that are ongoing. So we're fine with it not being that is consolidating. We're happy that somebody is consolidating. -- because again, the market needed it. We are keeping ourselves busy in the areas we're working on. And I'm -- a part of me is quite happy that we're not going to be spending a lot of management effort in our offset segment in the next 18 months, which would have been a massive effort if we did take over.
Okay. And lastly, if I may, on your D&W segment, former D&W segment, I mean, their development looks not as satisfying as the rest, but you mentioned some improvements. When do you see this business finally contributing positively to your earnings?
Alex, do you want to take it or should I?
You are asking to the -- with regard to the segments, and that...
Yes.
All right. Understood. No, we are -- so far, we are happy with the development because we see a big step forward in the operational development of the company. And we are sure that this next year, we will see the second big step forward. When really the breakeven will take place, that also highly depends on the order intake. And there are different product groups involved in the digital web business unit. For example, there's the business with our customer, HP involved as well as the VariJET -- the RotaJET digital printing machine as well as the Flexo. So -- and the better the order intake is, the sooner the breakeven will take place, but that is exactly this is exactly still the question mark within our equation. But operationally, we are very, very, very satisfied with the development. It's clearly heading in the right direction. They have taken the right management steps and measures in order to restore profitability, and we definitely will see the breakeven in near future.
There are no further questions at this time. So I would now like to turn the conference back over to Dr. Stephen Kimmich for any closing remarks.
Okay. Thank you very much for joining and taking the time out of your day to listen to our presentation for the Q2 and H1 results. I hope you got a good impression on where we are and where we're heading. Again, we're quite satisfied with Q2, a very strong recovery after a weaker Q1. We're very satisfied with our order intake, and we're confident that the measures we're working on within our impact framework are bringing us forward and heading in the right direction. And looking forward to talking to you again around November or in various capital market events between now and then and hope to be able to publish and show you a strong Q3. Talk to you then. Thank you very much.
Koenig & Bauer — Q1 2026 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Good morning, good afternoon, good evening to anyone on the call. I'm very happy to welcome you to our Q1 financial call to present to you our business development in the last 3 months or in the first 3 months of this calendar year.
We have quite a lot to talk about today, and we'll just jump right into it. On Page 2 in the presentation, you see our typical just summary of what are the major highlights in Q1. As you've already seen the figures, it's clear that we're very happy to publish strong order intake. There's a lot of pressure in the markets.
We see it all over the newspapers, the press, our competitors, various industrial companies are really suffering under weak order intake and under market difficulty. So we're very, very happy with the order intake development in Q1, 21.4% above last year and a similar number above 2 years ago.
So it's the best order intake we've had in several years in Q1 to start the year. And this is not driven by one-off major orders from, for example, banknote or other major projects. This is really solid base business in our major business units across the board. We'll go into that in more detail.
So I think it's a very strong vote of confidence from our customers in Koenig & Bauer, even in these difficult times and a weak economy, they're willing to place orders and buy from us. On the operating side, we see 2 different trends that we'll also talk quite a bit about today.
On the one hand, we're very happy to finally show significant progress in the operating performance in the Special & New Technology segments. This is something that even in the old segments with Digital and Web and now in the new segment with S&T.
This has been our focus for the last roughly 2 years of the Spotlight program and our product strategies and cost-cutting initiatives have really had the strong focus on improving the S&T performance, and we're finally able to show you that significant year-on-year improvement also there driven by several business units, not just one or the other.
And despite headwinds in some of the businesses in S&T, which we'll also talk about in a few minutes. On the other hand, the Paper & Packaging segment, which we already started to talk about in Q4 and in publishing our full year figures earlier this year. The Paper & Packaging segment with its strong reliability on the global sheetfed offset business continues to be under pressure.
We've had an insolvency in the competitive environment with Manroland. We've had several other competitors that have announced weaker earnings. And we're seeing that the weakness in the global markets is finding its way into our margins in that segment.
And Q1 on top of the typical seasonality we see in that segment shows that drop in profitability that we'll talk about as well today. The third, we started to roll out our new strategic framework. This is not a program like a P24 or a Spotlight. This is really our strategic framework for how we're going to align our various and many initiatives going forward to transform the company and secure our long-term stability and competitiveness. And I'll go into it a little bit today, but this is something that will follow us over the next quarters and even years. This is a strategic framework to guide us in the time to come. And finally, despite this softening in Paper & Packaging in Q1 that we saw, we're also very happy and very confident based on our order intake, our order backlog, the ongoing cost-cutting programs and initiatives that we can confirm our full year target for 2026.
Despite the seasonality at the beginning of the year, we still see Koenig & Bauer at a stable group revenue of around EUR 1.3 billion and an operating EBIT at around EUR 80 million for the full year. So we're off to a good start on the order intake side, on the profitability in S&T -- on the Special & New Technology side and P&P with the typical seasonality, not off to a good start, but still confident by the end of the year, we're going to meet our targets.
Again, I won't go too much into detail today on IMPACT. We presented it already during our year-end closing and in our annual report, and we will be talking about it in our general assembly in June. But at the end, this is a strategic framework for how we're going to structure our initiatives.
We have over 40 initiatives ongoing at Koenig & Bauer already from products to cost cutting to AI programs to go-to-market strategies, technology developments, people, et cetera. And this is the way we're going to talk about it. Today, you'll hear about a couple of them, particularly on go-to-market and on competitiveness, some of the things that we pushed forward on in Q1 that we want to highlight for you as usual.
On Page 4, you see a new way we want to kind of talk about how to separate how do we see the short term or the actual business environment in some of our business segments or business units compared to the more long-term trends in those business units or segments.
And what you see at the top left is our banknote business is really performing well. It's one of the upsides of the geopolitical crisis and countries fighting for national sovereignty and reducing risk that we see that the banknote security business is strong. We had strong order intake in the last couple of years.
We didn't have exceptionally high order intake in banknote in Q1, but we see a very, very strong pipeline going forward in banknote business.
So this is not only an anchor business for 2026, we see going forward through the end -- towards the end of the decade that the banknote business is going to remain stable in the long term, which is very good news for Koenig & Bauer. The offset business, we're also confident it's going to stay stable. We see growth in the packaging business. We see declines in the commercial graphic arts business.
But that in the short term, these are the little round circles in the bottom right of each box -- in the short term, the offset business is very much under pressure due to the general economic environment and the competitive intensity we see in there, but we're still confident going forward.
I won't go into all of these to highlight some of the other topics, we're still seeing a strong performance in metal print and in our glass and hollow containers in the long term. But I would point out that one of our very good businesses in S&T the last few years, the last few decades has been our glass and hollow container business under Koenig & Bauer Kammann.
That's not something we talk too much about in these kinds of calls. But that, for example, is a business that in the long term, we see it very attractive. In the short term, it's under a lot of pressure because glass production is down worldwide due to the high energy prices. Plastic hollow container pricing is down in the short term due to high petroleum prices.
So this is a business that's under short-term pressure, but long term, we're not concerned. And I think the other thing I would point out, similar to digital printing, we're still seeing a long-term trend and that it will grow. It will drive our business going forward. But in the short term, there is some low impact.
Again, this shift to new technologies in uncertain times. We've talked about in the past is always a little bit more uncertain than in good times. So that's a new way to look at our businesses and trying to separate where we see the long-term growth for the company and the strategy compared to the short-term economic environment.
On Page 5, you see some of the new highlights. And as mentioned, we'll talk about go-to-market. So the IMPACT really means we've spent a lot of effort, a lot of money and a lot of time developing a new and broad product portfolio throughout the last 5 to 10 years.
And we're confident that portfolio is ready to scale more rapidly than has been in the past. It's about selling what we have and selling what we have to offer our customers now and pushing that into the market with more efficient sales structures and sales pushes throughout the globe. So in some cases, it's taking regional successes and making them global.
In other, it's about just launching new technologies. Two examples, we had a very successful trade show in Brazil, which is with the Mercosur deal that's still going through, but confident to go through the European Parliament that is going to push sales in South America.
We had a very successful show that helped us in Q1 with order leads, a few orders as well, but this will also help us going forward in Q2 and Q3 as some of those leads turn into fixed orders. We also, just last week, had a very big -- the last week of March, we had a very big trade show in Radebeul with the VariJET. This is our new digital printer that we launched at drupa in 2024, but are now, again, focused on go-to-market.
We have the fourth installation ongoing. That doesn't sound like a lot, but it's about moving from our first 2 machines that were the beta production, now having the first production machine and installing now the second production machine, so the fourth in total. And more important for us, at this VariJET 106 Executive Summit, 2 of those customers presented at our summit about how they're satisfied with the VariJET performance, how they're producing in a production environment with our digital printers.
And again, with 80 experts from the industry at the summit, we're pushing out our VariJET digital printer to the market. The same goes for the Special & New Technology segment, particularly our digital and web business unit that we continue to report separately, and Alexander Blum will show in a few minutes. We had technology days in Wurzburg with a strong focus on launching our CI-Flexo XD Pro. This is a program that many of you that have followed us for years is familiar.
This was the program we transferred from Italy to production in Wurzburg and during that transfer completely upgraded, revamped, reengineered and now relaunched this XD Pro CI-Flexo machine. And also here, an amazing presence from our -- we have roughly 150 visitors to this trade -- to this open house and technology days, presenting not just the XD Pro, it's about our digital solutions, also presenting the RotaJET, which is not pictured here, but is on the left side of this room. So again, it's about go-to-market and scaling up the machines we have in our portfolio.
And finally, on Page 7, an announcement we made in January and showing also that IMPACT is not just a strategic framework. It's about initiatives and delivering. We announced the closure of Albert-Frankenthal GmbH. We announced it in January with the intent to cease operations by May 31, 2026. For those of you that are familiar with German industry, you know how hard it is to close plants that are -- that are highly organized with labor unions, with works councils to negotiate social plans and to close on time is quite difficult in Germany. It's just a fact.
And also here, we're proud to announce that not only did we announce that we will close it and cease operations on May 31, this will now happen. So the deals are done. The contracts are signed. The employees have been released or have at least been informed of their released, and we will completely cease operations on May 31.
This is, of course, cash out and it's restructuring and it hits the P&L, EUR 6.6 million were recognized in the first quarter. It seems perhaps like a small topic with 75 affected employees, but this is over a 100-year-old factory. This was the last step of closing it and it was a difficult task for the operations team installed, and it did a fantastic job, and it's all about increasing competitiveness by increasing resilience and reducing structural costs and reducing our footprint.
So this is a project that it's never fun to close plants and dismiss employees, but it's simply necessary in the times in which we're in. And again, to show you, we're not just talking about our strategy. We're implementing it and doing that quite quickly. And the final highlight that I brought with me is our decision on how to proceed with our Koenig & Bauer Coding operations. We announced in the summer of last year that we are opening up a strategic dialogue with the market on how to manage Koenig & Bauer Coding going forward.
We were open for various solutions from a full sale of the business to potential joint ventures, strategic partnerships. And at the same time, we also evaluated the going concern under Koenig & Bauer management with Koenig & Bauer ownership, what can we do better and how can we develop the business. The result is, I think, twofold.
The first is through this process, we recognize how well positioned Koenig & Bauer Coding is and how much potential we have for this business going forward. And that's the good news. So the fundamental use of 2D QR codes, the regulations ongoing throughout the world, not just in Europe, about track and trace packaging require and will drive significant growth in the market in which Koenig & Bauer Coding is underway.
On the same side, the M&A market in Germany for German industrial companies is very, very weak. So we did evaluate a potential sale. We did have interested buyers. We had a lot of interested buyers, but we came to the conclusion that the pricing being offered and the multiples being offered for German industrial companies in the current environment, especially after the start of the latest crisis with the Iran war and the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, we saw a rapid deterioration in the robustness of that M&A process starting in February that we had to come to the conclusion that we're not willing to sell coding undervalue.
And therefore, considering that coupled with the second view, it is a great market. It has great growth opportunity. We are now announcing to the capital markets and to the team in coding that we've decided to continue to develop the business as sole owner. We will continue and are discussing with various strategic partners how to cooperate better and scale the business faster, but we will remain the full owner in the coming years, and we'll develop the business on our own.
We're happy to report more about our initiatives there in future calls. The foundation is great. The business is profitable. It's generating cash. It is growing, and therefore, we'll keep it on that path. So that's the last update from my side. And I would hand over for the last business highlight to Alexander Blum before he presents the figures.
Thank you very much, Stephen. Information technology is at Koenig & Bauer as important as engineering technology. And that's why I'm very happy to start my presentation today to you with 2 examples that we have recently conducted. One is the one already knows, we have a close partnership with Google with regard to information technology. It's our technology partner and is offering a whole wide range of technologies from desktop to the cloud via the Google technology.
And we have continuous talks together with Google, how we can improve our operations, how we can improve the dealing with our information, with our data, with our operational flows and our operational systems. On the other hand, also artificial intelligence is very, very important, and it's a strategic initiative for us at Koenig & Bauer.
It has the highest priority in order to explore what we can do with AI and with regard to our bread and butter business to improve operations and be more -- to be better for our customers and more efficiently internally with regard of generating our services and machines.
And I had the pleasure to present our AI Champion model, our house of AI at Koenig & Bauer with the recent conference of our IT service provider, [indiscernible] group.
Having a look at our financials. The order intake, as Stephen Kimmich already mentioned, was very strong and it increased by over 21% from EUR 245 million up to EUR 279 (sic) [ EUR 297 ] million. We see an increase of order intake in both segments. On the one hand, Paper & Packaging had an increase by over 12%. And on the other hand, the Special & New Technology segment had a very strong plus of over 40%. So that gives us a very good tailwind for the rest of the year, and that's why we are still confident due to all the crisis and uncertainties with regard to the development -- the further development of the year 2026.
Order backlog increased -- decreased slightly, but it's again over EUR 1 billion. You probably remember, end of last year, it was below EUR 1 billion. Now again, it is over EUR 1 billion. And also, we need to remember that an order backlog above EUR 1 billion is not the normal case of case if you have a look back into the last 2 to 3 years with the history of Koenig & Bauer.
But this also is an important anchor for us in the volatile market environment that we are living in. Top line slightly increased as well by over 3%, and it brought us an increase in revenues up to EUR 260 million.
You have a look at the split of regions, first of all, the export group ratio increased from 84% to 88%. So export is, of course, very important to Koenig & Bauer. It always -- it always was and it still is, and it's still working. I think that is the very good message. And you also see in the graph on the left-hand side that the North American share also increased again by a quarter-on-quarter basis.
So we had last year a lot of trouble within the United States, probably not only me, but all the exporters from Europe or from outside the U.S.A. due to the tariffs. What we see right now is that the situation is getting back to normal.
On the other hand, Germany is under pressure. You see this on the very well [Audio Gap] on the bottom line, you see a decrease from nearly 19% -- EUR 39 million down to EUR 31 million. With regards to the profitability, and our operating EBITDA, we see a decrease in -- after the first 3 months.
I will show you in a second a little bit more deeper insight into our segments because this is twofolded where the development arise from. You see in the bridge that our Special & New Technology segment improved its profitability by 4.1% (sic) [ EUR 4.1 million ] And on the other hand, the pressure within the market of Paper & Packaging as a consequence, the profitability decreased on a year-on-year comparison by EUR 8.4 million. That basically is the reason why we see even though we had a very good order intake and a slight increase in revenues, that's the reason why we see as a group a small minus with regards to operating EBITDA after the first 3 months.
But please keep in mind, the first quarter always is by far the weakest at Koenig & Bauer. It was the same situation as last year, only a little bit bigger minus this year. But in general, the seasonality is what it is, and it's still the seasonality also the known seasonality from last year. It's still the same in 2026. One comment to the nonoperating extraordinary items. They amounted to EUR 6.6 million for the closure of the operations at Albert-Frankenthal GmbH.
Of course, within the number of the operating EBITDA, this is adjusted. So you don't see the costs within these numbers. But to be here very transparent also with regards to the reported EBITDA, there is a nonoperating extraordinary items of EUR 6.6 million included.
Having a look at our long-term trend with regard to the last 12 months development. And even though Q1 in 2026 was weak, you still find there a positive trend with regards to profitability. Now with regards to last 12 months operating EBITDA, we still reach -- after the first quarter, we still reach a margin of 5.9%, and this is better than the last 2 years.
Cash flow. Also with regard to strong order intake, cash flow was negative. As usual -- as this is usually the case with regards to the beginning of the year and with regards to the development or the stronger expected revenues in the following quarters. So that's why we always need to increase our working capital position at the beginning of the year in order to make the realization of our revenue growth happen during the last 9 months of the year.
The equity ratio is still in line more or less with the year-on-year figure with 22.3%. Our net working capital ratio improved to 23.7%. This is for the classical machinery business, each and every ratio, which is below 25% is a good KPI. And even though the overall working capital position increased by around EUR 5 million, the ratio was below due to the higher revenues.
And our net financial position is now with minus EUR 171 million. It reflects the negative free cash flow from the first quarter. Having a look in our segments, and let us start with the Paper & Packaging segment. First of all, you also see there the increase in order intake by 12.4% after EUR 172 million order intake last year's quarter -- last year's quarter, it is now EUR 194 million, the increase by 12%. And also the order backlog is slightly higher than the order backlog compared to on a year-on-year basis.
The revenues decreased. It was a very weak and small cash flow, a small revenue in the first quarter 2026. This also is one of the reasons why the result is negative at first quarter with Paper & Packaging, next to the reason that there is a lot of dynamics in the market.
There's a lot of pressure in the market. Stephen mentioned the M&A Manroland insolvency. This was the #3 in Germany and also worldwide, probably #4 in the offset market. So that is a big player, which is disappearing from the market as it is announced by the solicitor.
And this is an example why this market is also -- it is under pressure. However, order intake is stable or not even stable, it's also increasing.
That's why we see that we feel now temporarily the pressure in the market, but we don't fear that this market will decrease in the future. Also, as Stephen Kimmich has told you the market analysis, it is expected to be stable on the long term.
And our results with regard to order intake and order backlog also is supporting this thesis. Special & New Technology is also a very nice development with regard to order intake, plus 40.6% compared to last year's quarter -- year-on-year quarter, and that is really a very good result because it is not only provided by the Banknote Solutions business, but also by MetalPrint and our digital and business unit.
So the Special & New Technology segment was always under pressure. And it was in the high-intensity care with us at management. And finally, we see positive results. Order intake is taking -- is increasing. Revenues increased by 24% and also the operating EBITDA increased tremendously by over EUR 12 million with regard to operating EBITDA.
So that is a fantastic development. And once again, not only supported by banknote business, but also by other business units within the S&T segment. So we feel very confident that this strong development and this operational turnaround will also help us through the year 2026, but also in the following years 2027, '28, '29. We still stick to the good old tradition to show you also details on our business unit, Digital & Web as part of the segment S&T. And first of all, you see there that the Digital & Web business unit could double its order intake compared to first quarter 2025.
So that's a very good result. The revenues have been more or less stable with only an increase by plus 1.6%. However, the increase in profitability was huge, and it was plus 88%. So nearly the operational breakeven was reached within the first quarter, and it shows really a very, very nice and a great increase in profitability.
And it also demonstrates that the measures taken in the past were the right ones. And finally, we also see the result. Current uncertainties, yes, it's a little bit of repetition of what we have said in the past, unfortunately. But however, we still see all the geopolitical escalations. We also feel the global trade impact.
And of course, this has operational consequences. However, with an export ratio of nearly 90% with a high -- with a good split of our operations throughout the whole globe, we feel prepared to also steer safely through this crisis or this ongoing crisis.
On the one hand -- on the other hand, we have a broad range of products, not only 1 segment, but 2 segments with different business units and different products that address different markets within different regionalities.
And this will help us in order to mitigate crisis in one or the other regions of the world. And that's why we also -- we also stick to our guidance. It remains what we have said for the year [ 2029 ]. We expect group revenues of EUR 1.3 billion. We expect an operating EBITDA of EUR 80 million as in the last year, and we keep up to have a high operating resilience with regards to a great order backlog of over EUR 1 billion.
Allow me to summarize the key takeaways of the first quarter 2026. First of all, Koenig & Bauer grew against the market trend, which is a very important proof point for us as management to see that our business model is working. And this was due to the growth in revenue, but even more important with regard to growth of order intake.
Secondly, strong order backlog. This is the anchor, and it is again over EUR 1 billion. It offers us planning certainties with regard how to use our internal operations. And last but not least, we saw -- we now see the turnaround. We see actually the turnaround within the S&T segment, and that also helps us to mitigate some pressures within other market segments that we are working in as well.
Thank you very much for your attention. This is the end of our presentation. On the following slide, you also see the current timetables -- of our financial calendar. But this also -- there is no news with it. The next big meeting is the General Meeting of Koenig & Bauer, the Annual General Meeting this June 17.
[Operator Instructions]
The first question comes from the line of Stefan Augustin from Warburg Research.
2. Question Answer
And first of all, congratulations to the Digital & Web performance and the reduction of the losses. I hope it's going to continue and be quite good. And coming to the first question is actually a bit on the broader situation. So you elaborated that there is Manroland insolvency that has put pricing under pressure.
Still, we have a very good order intake. So my question is a little bit, did you get opportunities from the insolvency of Manroland already? So were you able to, let's say, get on some orders that had been available due to their insolvency? And how do you look at the possibility, if I see that correctly, there is possibly a sale of the service business later in the year of Manroland. Is that -- would that something -- be something you could be interested in? How do you see the situation? That would be the first question.
I mean I think in general, Manroland, depending on the market study, had between 4% and 5% market share. They were the fourth largest, at least based on our market data between Heidelberger Druckmaschinen, Koenig & Bauer, Komori, and Manroland. Manroland was the fourth largest with, call it, around 5% market share. Considering that the offset business itself is not a growing market. It's -- overall, it's a slightly decreasing market.
We see it for ourselves as long-term stable. And part of the answer is that as Manroland disappears from the market, that market share has to be sorted out among the remaining players. And obviously, our expectations on our management team and our sales team is to take our fair share of that market share that is now open.
I'm 100% sure that Komori and Heidelberger Druckmaschinen have the exact same strategy to also capture as much of this market share as possible. It's too early to talk about expectations on that. Obviously, it is a chance for us, for our competitors to fill our plants a little bit better. And we expect that also to happen. But it's -- again, it's 5% of the total market share is now up for grabs, and it's much too early to talk about how that's going to play out.
Coming back here a little bit. If the pricing is so strongly under pressure in the offset market, as we can see also on the competitive side, still you have that good order intake. So how shall we look at the pricing quality in that order intake in the first quarter?
The idea was if you would have been able to capture some of the orders from Manroland, that would be an explanation. Let's bring that question a bit more to this point. How should we look at the quality in these orders? It's P&P.
So I think maybe I answer the first question -- part of that question, and I hand over to Alex to talk about the price quality question. I mean the Manroland obviously didn't happen until, I think, the second week of March. So it had no impact on order intake in Q1. And there was nothing that happened in Q1 that we would attribute to us taking order from Manroland. That's a clear answer from my side. I think to the price pressure, Alex Blum can discuss.
And also in addition, I mean, our sales teams are fighting against Manroland also in the months before and the years before, it was clear that Manroland was not extremely strong, and we always try to get as much clients from Manroland and shift to Koenig & Bauer, probably one of the reasons of the why they are now insolvent with the price pressures, we do not believe that the price pressure will remain for the full year 2026.
We also see that, yes, at the end of last year, prices were extremely under pressure. This was also especially true for the fourth quarter of last year. We also had a slow start in 2026, but it became better and better. And with regard to March, we see that prices are recovering. Hopefully, that trend remains the same. So that is the assumption that needs to be proven. But we have good reasons to believe that the prices will again stable on a decent level.
But prices in March is a good news. Another one I have is actually on Frankenthal. I hear in the back of my head that this was, let's say, mainly webfed business, at least in the past. What did you, in the end, finally produce there? And where is it shifted to? And will the -- will the EUR 6.6 million in charge we have at the EBITDA level, will that be a cash out later in the year? Or is that mainly noncash...
So I think we split that question to answer again among ourselves. I'll answer the first part and Alex can answer the second. So we produce in [indiscernible] rollers, Walzen in German. And the rollers are basically in all machines, sheet set and web machines for how to transport paper or transporting the substrate across rollers and through the machines.
So there's thousands and thousands of these produced every year for our various machines. It's with the exception of one type of -- the different types of rollers depending on the technical requirements, whether it's on the coating and various other technical requirements. But around 2/3 of these rollers, we would call commodities. And those have now been outsourced and we will be purchasing them from our supply base throughout the globe. And about 1/3 of them, which are more highly technical and less commoditized, that's open knowledge.
We are shifting that production to our component manufacturing facility in Wurzburg as just an on top additional volume for our facility there. So about 2/3 gone to outside suppliers and 1/3 to in-house production and that 1/3 is, again, the most technically demanding where it's difficult to purchase them in the free market.
With regard to cash effectiveness, yes, most of the EUR 6.6 million will be cash out, will be cash effective until end of the year.
And then I have one more left, which is on the coding business. Since you said you're going to develop ideas and strategic cooperation. Is there a possibility to think about solutions that in this cooperation, you would be able to monetize part of the value of coding as an idea, for example, you make a joint venture and in...
A clear answer, no. So we're no longer looking at equity participation in Koenig & Bauer Coding. That's -- it's -- our current plan is to remain 100% shareholder of the company and develop with arm's length strategic contractual partners throughout the globe, whether that's sales organizations or product development or suppliers or development projects. That's the big question.
But this is now a multiyear project. So we are now fully committed to the business in the years coming forward. And that was -- it was a clear result of this process, which is important to us. And to be honest, when you put a company like this up for sale to the market, you also learn a lot through the process through the feedback. We had strategic players looking in depth at the company and evaluating it and telling us where the strengths were and the weaknesses were.
So we learned a lot through the process as well. And we're happy, and I will be at the general assembly with the employees tomorrow morning at Koenig & Bauer Coding, and we're happy to keep them in the company. Again, the market dynamics are great. We would have also been happy with an M&A transaction at a fair market value. But again, it's a great business, great team, great products. And now we're committed to further developing it in the coming years as a 100% shareholder.
The next question comes from the line of Patrick Speck from Montega.
[Operator Instructions]
My first one is also on your coding business. I was wondering if -- I mean, you explained how you see the market potential, et cetera. I was wondering if you see the need for any additional investments by that, I mean, CapEx to take -- to get the business ready for these markets, new markets? Or are they already, yes, state-of-the-art?
No. I think it's certainly nothing that we could plan or you should plan or there's no -- absolutely no plans in that direction whatsoever. Koenig & Bauer Coding is a profitable business, generating free cash flow on its own. And our intention is to develop the company through its own strength and not with additional capital injections or additional major measures. We'll see what comes out of the development in the next couple of years, but it's certainly not part of any plan nor should you plan in any way.
That's why we also target strategic partnerships that also is limiting the need for all the investments.
Could you let us know what is the share of your order backlog that refers to coding?
Maybe for Landenberger, can take that -- Ms. Landenberger take that as a homework, but it's for just Koenig & Bauer Coding, it's -- I mean, it's less than -- less than 3%. It's low...
It's low because this is much more a serial production that we see with the coding business. And the lead times are -- or the production time and the lead times are much, much lower than within our own -- in our other businesses. So I don't expect this to have a very high influence in our order backlog.
And secondly, I mean, we know your seasonality is very back-end loaded. But I was wondering, I mean, you gave the comment that you saw the price pressure coming down a bit from March. I was wondering if you would be able to reach an EBIT on a breakeven level in Q2 already. Do you see that?
Honestly, I mean, with regard to EBITDA, we are very close to the breakeven. And we see improvements quarter-on-quarter, but kindly understand that we do not guide on the performance on each and every quarter.
But you see at least the improvement on a quarter-on-quarter level despite the new headwinds coming from the Iran war and pressure in supply chains, et cetera.
That's at least our management goal to be better and better each and every quarter and to improve and also to stabilize the situation. And you can also see this having a look at our LTM performance. That basically shows that with regard to the first quarter 2025, the first quarter 2026 is better. So the trend is showing definitely in the right direction, even though the first quarter 2026 had some, let's say, some special developments.
And lastly, will there be any more extraordinary effects from the closure of Frankenthal in Q2 or anything else extraordinary despite...
Yes, but they are much, much lower than the EUR 6.6 million that you have seen in the first quarter. There will be some more less, but yes, much lower than the EUR 6.6...
[Operator Instructions]
We now have a question from the line of Johannes Ries from Apus Capital GMBH.
Maybe some more words about the recovery in the -- for the ROTAjet market. What customers you have seen the recovery from what region? What have been the driver? And what is maybe a special effect? Or do you expect this could go on in the coming quarters?
I think your question refers to Digital & Web or overall.
Overall, yes, definitely.
Not just, ROTAjet.
ROTAjet is highlighted, yes.
I mean I think it's the Spotlight program, which you're familiar with, really addressed across the board at Digital & Web. All of our structural costs employee count, product costs, product strategies. So it's not one thing. It's across the board. And it's not -- I think that part of your question is very important. It's not one-off quick wins that don't recur.
This is stable cost reduction and margin improvement. I think you can expect EUR 6.7 million -- EUR 6 million improvement every quarter, but the general trend is heading in the right direction. We also had good orders in Q1, so also sold another.
[indiscernible] question on the order intake side.
Yes. So order intake in Q1, as mentioned on one of the slides, included also an additional RotaJET, which is very important. Also, we see our order backlog, the HP programs, which are digital printing, which is strong. And the customer technology days we did in Wurzburg a few weeks ago was focused only on Digital & Web technology. So the Flexo roll printers and the RotaJET Web digital printer.
And again, 150 guests at this kind of event is a very large presence, and we left that those days with a strong pipeline. So we have a completely new management across the board in the Digital & Web segment from sales, to engineering, to operations, to the CEO of the business unit. We have supported it strongly out of our holding and our strategy groups to really turn it around. And that the new management team has now been in place for, I guess, just over a year, the CEO for now 2 years. And these things take time, and we're finally seeing it happen, and we have to keep the momentum.
That was mainly the question of maybe the demand or maybe the order intake should stay at a higher level even going forward, looking at the pipeline, what you have done cost side, but it was also a revenue question and a problem in the past. And if that not only in one quarter and maybe even in the future could get better. That was the question, okay.
So we can -- absolutely, that is the positive trend, not just on sales and profit, the positive trend on order intake is one of the key focuses. We need volume. And again, the pipeline and the reaction from the customers gives an indication that we're heading in the right direction.
Second question, on your digital activities, you have been quite positive, say maybe in the positive area. Maybe you can update a little bit what happened in the first month of the year, how you maybe develop further this business?
So Kyana is fully -- I mean, it's on track in terms of -- since the launch, we're signing up customers every month, every quarter, more customers go online for Kyana business. That's still a developing business since we carved it out about a year ago. The Vision Protection, we're seeing also -- you've seen quite a few press releases the last several months and quarters that the first customers are signing up for it and in the program.
Auraveo is ongoing, but I think there's nothing new to talk about there today. Overall, there's several digital projects between Kyana and Vision Protection and Auraveo, and they're moving forward. And more to come, we'll keep you informed.
Super. And I believe nothing to say on the Volkswagen business like you said some weeks ago with the full year report...
Also there, the project continues. That's the most important message, and we continue to repeat it. The project is ongoing. The cooperation with Volkswagen is ongoing, and that's the news we have to publish. And we'll -- also there, we'll keep you updated when there's anything new to talk about.
Ladies and gentlemen, that was the last question. I would now like to turn the conference back over to Dr. Stephen Kimmich for any closing remarks.
So I'll keep it short. Thank you very much for joining. And I think Q1 showed in a lot of ways, we're heading in the right direction despite the difficulties in the market. A lot of things we've talked about with you in the last 1, 2 years are starting to show up in our figures, which is important to us here. And I hope you were able to get some insights. And Q1 is always seasonally our weakest quarter or has been in the last decade, and we're looking forward to publishing our Q2, Q3 and Q4 results in the coming quarters and to show you that we are remaining on track. So thank you very much for joining and talk to you next time.
Koenig & Bauer — Q4 2025 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Good afternoon, and welcome to today's conference call. Thank you for joining. And as just announced, we will, of course, walk you through our year-end results throughout the course of today's presentation.
I'm here together with CFO and my colleague, Dr. Alexander Blum. And I will start as usual and give a brief overview of what is happening at Koenig & Bauer, some of the highlights and what we're working on, and set the frame for what happened in 2025 and what we expect in 2026. And I'll hand over to Alex for walking you through the slides and the figures in more detail.
So we announced already a few weeks ago with our preliminary results that we're quite proud and happy to announce that we met our forecast for the full year the way we had promised the capital markets already at the beginning of 2025 when we first announced our guidance. We were able to close the year despite all of the surprises and changes and uncertainties and hurdles we had along the way. We're happy to again confirm with the final numbers that we met our original guidance within the original range and closed the year out positively.
I think more important under point two is that we not only achieved our EBIT corridor that we originally guided for; we were able to close out again with a very, very strong Q4. We closed the year out with a positive free cash flow, and Alex will walk you through that in a few minutes. But considering where we were at the end of September, this is a great result in Q4, and we're able to announce that for the full year we generated positive cash flow.
I think the other good news is our continuing high level of order backlog and good, solid order intake, not only in Q4, but as I'm sitting here on March 26 of -- towards the end of Q1, we can already today confirm that we will publish Q1 order intake higher than Q1 last year. So year-on-year, we're expecting a stronger Q1 order intake, which I think is an important message to all of our stakeholders, our employees, our customers, but of course, also our shareholders, that order intake in Q1 had a slight uptick versus prior year, and that gives us a strong foundation moving forward.
Of course, the year is still very uncertain with the events that happened now at the end of February in the Middle East. The overall economic situation remains challenging. But we will, of course, publish our guidance -- are publishing our guidance today for the full year again and confirming that we expect a stable business performance in 2026 on both turnover and on EBITDA. And there's nothing in the first 3 months that make us change our opinion on that. The order intake confirms that we're on the right track. And again, going forward, we'll see what other surprises the world has in store for us.
Under point three, I think it's important to walk you through a little bit. We -- in challenging times, it is important to readjust priorities and take a look at strategy and take a look at what our focus areas are on. So we started announcing just last week our new IMPACT strategy that is the theme around our annual report, and we'll be talking about this for the years to come, about what IMPACT is and what it means for us.
So on the next page, just really why something like IMPACT? Why are we announcing a new strategy? And at the end of the day, it is about a strategic realignment. It is about recognizing that there are new market realities out there, that the world is continuously volatile and any strategy that expects that to change, we're convinced, is wrong. The world will remain volatile. And despite volatile times, we must be able to continue to develop our business, improve our business, shift to take advantage of new opportunities, despite all of the geopolitical or other tensions around us.
And that's what we've been thinking about for the last few months, is how can we frame it? How can we talk about a new strategy, not just to you, our shareholders and capital market stakeholders, but also for our employees, for our -- for other stakeholders, for our customers.
And we settled on IMPACT. And IMPACT, I think just the word itself, it's a strong word. At the end of the day, it's about making an impact for our business, for our bottom line, for our customers and for each individual Koenig & Bauer employee.
It's 6 pillars, that I'll talk about on the next page. And these 6 pillars are going to be the way we frame our initiatives, our focus areas and our priorities in the years to come.
So starting with intelligence. Of course, it's -- everybody is talking about it. We know that AI is going to have a massive impact on society, on business, on our industry and on Koenig & Bauer. And we have started this AI empower program last year, we have great technology, and we will be pushing as a core part of our strategy, not just for establishing artificial intelligence internal at the individual workplace at our employees to improve efficiency, but more importantly, how can we leverage artificial intelligence in our products, in our software for automation and for our customers. So it's something we'll be talking about in the years to come.
Also a very clear message, it's about go-to-market. We have a fantastic portfolio. We've spent, and most of you on the call know it, we have spent huge amounts of time, effort and money the last years to expand our portfolio, to improve on our strategy and to address new markets. And now it's a focus on scaling those products that are now finished and ready to go. At the same time, we have to go into the markets where they're growing. We know that Europe continues to remain weak. We know that the growth is happening in Asia, in Latin America and India. And we have to -- we will focus and are focusing more on how to better address those markets, including reorganizations and strengthening our local teams.
It's, of course, about people, not just us. It's also about our customers. So how can we not only invest in our global teams and strengthen our local organizations, but also help our customers to be better trained, to be better equipped to handle the challenges that they face?
At the top right, adaptability. At the end of the day, that's about resilience. There's no R in impact. But at the end of the day, what is behind adaptability? It's about attacking these volatile times by increasing our resilience or adaptability. That means, on the one hand, focusing even more on structural cost and structural cost flexibility, but also on strengthening our recurring revenue, our service business, our consumables business, software, recurring revenue to lead us better through tough times.
The fifth pillar is competitiveness. We know that a company like ours with a strong footprint in Germany, in Europe has its weaknesses in its structural organization, in its footprint. And it's an overarching point for German industry, what can we do to improve our competitiveness on the world stage? It's not only about leaner process; it's about really optimizing our manufacturing costs and our supply chain. And only by doing this we would be able to win in these growth markets that are strongly focused on mid-tech. So also here, you'll be hearing a lot about our initiatives to improve our competitiveness in the coming quarters and years.
And finally, it's about technology. Technology is the core of our DNA. We are and will and want to remain technological leaders in all of our business areas. But this means going beyond classical CapEx, machine building. We have to embrace new workflow and software solutions. We have to continue pushing in digital printing to remain at the forefront of industrial digital print, and we have to focus on the automation trends and robotic trends that will change our industry.
So IMPACT is a strategic framework that, again, we will be talking about a lot in the coming years. Because it's strategy, it's a multiyear program. It's not just about short term, next quarter. It's about how we expect to build and maintain Koenig & Bauer fit for the future. And that's something we're announcing to you as of today.
And to make that a little bit more easy to understand, at the end, it's not just about 6 pillars. It's about coordinating our many, many initiatives within these 6 pillars. And I brought 5 examples with me today so you can better understand what we really mean by these various fields that we're focusing on.
Top left, we announced in January that we'll be closing our manufacturing facility out of Frankenthal on May 31, 2026. So this is a plant -- it's a traditional plant, over 100 years, in the printing industry. It's been a subject of restructuring rounds in the past and the decision to ultimately close it. It's 75 employees.
It's not a huge plant. But at the end, it does generate structural cost savings. It does generate efficiency in the group. We'll be shifting some of that work to our plant in Wuerzburg. Some will be outsourced into lower-cost countries. And at the end of the day, it's a clear business case that we can reduce AFT. This is all about resilience, this idea of adaptability, reducing our structural costs and making ourselves leaner and with less of a footprint than we have had in the past.
Number two, Digital 1.0. This is about go-to-market. We have the broadest digital printing portfolio for industrial applications of any competitor out there. Some of our competitors, for example, Landa, have gone into insolvency. So we're alone in some of these markets. We have the technology.
And 2 examples we can also announce today, we just closed an order on an additional RotaJET in Q1 of this year. So these are big programs, large programs, 2-digit million euro contract orders for the RotaJET that we successfully closed again in Q1. The VariJET, which we've been developing together with our joint venture partner, Durst, over the last few years, we're now installing the fourth machine. This is the first post-beta phase machine that's now being installed as we speak at a major customer in an Eastern European country.
So we're moving forward with scaling up our new products, scaling up our digital printing. And this is clearly part of our go-to-market: sell the portfolio that we have and ramp it up.
Third, AI Empower initiative. We launched last year a massive program to train up over 500 employees at Koenig & Bauer. We have over 30% use rate of AI on a regular basis at the company. We have great technological partner in Google and a group-wide rollout of artificial intelligence under that intelligence pillar in our strategy.
And on the bottom right, you see technology. It's about embracing software, embracing new ways of doing business. We announced our Vision and Protection product at the Capital Market Day in August of last year, and it's ramping up. We've now started to certify our first customers. They're paying for a certification so that they can then be certified to their customers to offer protection technologies, authentication technologies into the packaging market for various applications.
And the market is accepting it. We've had great blue-chip customers working with us over the last few months to get certified, to validate the business model. And we see a huge demand from Asia, from South America, from India, for example, for protecting pharmaceutical packaging, protecting high-end packaging. So many different applications. And it's another good example of our pillar, technology, and how to embrace software going forward.
And the fifth example I brought with me is the people. It's not just about training our employees or training our customers. It's also about strengthening our local organizations. We spent a lot of time, and I personally spent a lot of time, in the last 3, 4 months of last year, visiting China, visiting India multiple times, visiting Middle East multiple times, to talk about what are our local strategies. We know we have the right products coming out of our facilities in Germany, but how to bring them into the markets.
And I think Middle East is a great example today. We need a strong local presence in the Middle East for times where we're unable to send our technicians from Germany to the Middle East. So we need stronger partners in the various local markets. We have them already, but strengthening these relationships, becoming more resilient for these volatile times is a big part of our strategic framework going forward.
So all these 6 pillars, they interchange, they overlap, one feeds the other. And I don't want to overdo it today that this is the big number one topic, but I think it's important that we have the strategic framework, that we align not just ourselves, but our employees, our teams and our customers for the challenges going forward. And I think with this framework, we have the right way to talk about it, the right way to structure it, and it's the way we'll be talking to you going forward.
So that was a brief introduction. And then I would hand over to the CFO, my Board colleague, Dr. Alexander Blum, who will walk you through the rest of the figures. Thank you.
Thank you very much, Stephen, and very much welcome and good day from my side as well.
The year 2025 was also not only marked that we achieved our targets, but also by very important events to Koenig & Bauer, and it is the year, the 40th anniversary of our stock market listing, which we celebrated in August 2025. And we did our Capital Markets Day on the same day in connection with this celebration, and we had a wonderful event at the German Stock Exchange at Frankfurt.
With regard to our numbers, in 2025, we saw an order intake of over EUR 1.2 billion. This was expectedly -- we saw there a normalization effect compared to last year, the year 2024. In 2024, we had a very strong effect with regard to the fair, Drupa, which is, of course, for offset printing, an important -- very important trade fair. But also with regard to the banknote business, there we saw some exceptional high order entries from the Federal Reserve Bank out of the United States. Having in mind these 2 effects, we see a natural decrease compared to 2025 -- 2024. But with regard to the overall level, we are very happy that the order intake 2025 was on a very solid level.
This also translates into an order backlog of over EUR 970 million. Again, it is a little lower than 2024. But having said before, these 2 exceptional events also influenced positively the order backlog 2024, but having in mind that an order backlog still close to EUR 1 billion is not a normal situation for Koenig & Bauer compared to a few years ago.
With regard to revenue, we increased slightly our revenues due to promising developments in the segment of Paper & Packaging as well as in the segment of Special & New Technologies. I will show you, present you the numbers later a little bit more in detail with regard to our segments. But we also saw that Koenig & Bauer was able to grow the business again in 2025.
On this slide, you see our regional split of our revenue sales. And you'll also see that we had an increase of over 30% in our Asia Pacific region. And this is a very, very strong growth momentum for us as these markets performed very nicely in the last year. And also, we strongly believe that they will perform even better in the future. And therefore, it was for Koenig & Bauer a successful step in 2025 to increase our market share, our market position, demonstrated by an increase in our revenues.
The operational performance increased significantly due to efficiency improvements, due to some -- the effects out of the old program, Spotlight, but also due to positive volume effects. And we had a significant lower amount of nonoperating extra items in 2025. So our results also normalized quite a lot in 2025 compared to 2024.
The overall profitability steadily improved over the last 2 years. And what you find on this slide is the LTM EBITDA, operating EBITDA, which reached a level of 6.1 million -- of 6.1%, excuse me. And it shows the increase compared to the last to the last 2 years. And it also demonstrates that the work that Koenig & Bauer did in the last years with regard to improvements of efficiency is paying out.
This slide just demonstrates we met what we have promised. We met our targets. We kept what we have promised. And we met the guidance that we gave to the capital markets.
Our free cash flow position also was positive in 2025 due to a very strong and outstanding final quarter last year. It clearly showed that, again, the seasonality, unfortunately, is quite strong in our business model, and we are very eager to level it up a little bit and clean it up. But it is, unfortunately, due to the dynamics of our business, not that easy. However, it is a very positive result that, after we had a cash-intensive first half-year of 2025, that we still reached and managed -- that we successfully managed a positive year-end closing with a positive cash flow of over EUR 7 million.
This also, these developments with regard to profitability and cash flow, also improved our balance sheet. The equity ratio improved to 24%. Our net working capital position decreased to EUR 281 million, which is a ratio of lower than 22% of -- compared to our revenues. This also is a positive improvement compared to last year. And our net financial position slightly improved by slightly -- by close to EUR 4 million.
The Paper/Packaging segment, you find on this slide, and the overall dynamic of the market shows that we have a slight increase in top line, that we have slight decrease in top line by -- excuse me, that we have a slight decrease in the order entry level of minus 3.9% due to especially the strong effects in 2024 with regard to Drupa fair, but also due to the geographic challenges that we faced in 2025, especially with regard to our U.S. markets. However, revenues slightly increased by 1% and EBIT improved significantly up to EUR 46.2 million within the Paper & Packaging segment.
The situation in our Special & New Technologies segment was nearly the same, only that the order intake situation was more challenging in 2025 due to the big order intake in the banknote business in the year 2024. That's why we find there a decrease in order entry by minus 19.7%. However, we grew the business due to the out -- to the very high order backlog or the high backlog that we reached, and we are now delivering the machines and working on the open orders. And we were able to improve the profitability of this segment significantly due to all the positive effects by program Spotlight, which focused especially on the S&T segment, with special regards to the digital and web-fed business. The digital and web-fed segments or business units you'll find on this page, and there you especially see the challenging situation with regard to order entry.
The flexo business, developed quite good in last year. However, we saw a high demand restraint in the capital-intensive web digital printing machines. And this is especially the HP business on the one hand and, on the other hand, the RotaJET machine business, which is our own machine. These machines require higher capital investments. And due to the shift in our markets due to geographical challenges, this segment was especially hit by these developments with lower order intake than expected.
The revenue decreased by minus 15%. But again, the profitability, even with the lower revenues and lower order entry, was able to -- we were able to increase it significantly and to improve it significantly by over 45%. Looking at today's market environment and situation, we unfortunately see -- and of course, that's not new to you at all, and this is also true for a lot of other companies, but we face a lot of -- still a lot of uncertainties with regards to U.S. trade conflicts or the new geographical crises and risks that arose beginning of this year. So it means the situation is not yet stable. And we at Koenig & Bauer expect to have again a challenging year with regards to the overall economic and geographical situation, which we need to tackle in 2026. However, we feel very comfortable to keep our business performance stable even though the geopolitical crises are there and even though the environment is quite volatile.
We also announced, beginning of the year, that we shifted our guidance from EBIT to EBITDA, of course, both operating KPIs, because we strongly believe that this is a better KPI to, first of all, show the comparability with our peer group on the market. On the other hand, it is much more appropriate to have a link to the operational cash generation and it is also something which we see with regards to the coming IFRS 18 new accounting standard. So from our perspective, this -- today was the right time to change the guidance principle from operating EBIT to EBITDA.
With regard to the guidance for 2026, we say that our revenues are expected to remain stable and to end up at the same level as last year's revenues of around EUR 1.3 billion. And also our operating EBITDA is expected to remain stable at a level of around EUR 80 million.
With regard to our 2 segments, we expect that Paper/Packaging segment remains more or less stable. However, we are facing there a slightly lower profitability due to intense competition and due to geographical situations at the markets. And on the other hand, with regard to our Special & New Technologies segment, we expect an increase in revenues and also an increase in our profitability, which will help us to stabilize our business and also to shift our revenues and our business more to new technologies, which you are quite familiar with and which you also find on this page on the very right hand, for example, Vision and Protect or the Kyana.
So as key takeaways, we want to emphasize that we further successfully improved our profitability in 2025, which was for Koenig & Bauer a very important step forward and an important goal to reach. We also have a very solid order backlog for 2026 with close to EUR 1 billion in sales. And we also expect that the order intake in the first quarter of this year is higher than the order intake in the first quarter of last year.
So these 2 aspects show -- demonstrate to us that we will be able, even due to all the crises and uncertainties, to remain our business on a stable level and a solid basis, on a stable level, with a stable performance compared to the performance -- the financial performance of 2025. And we are very happy and eager to further successfully develop, especially our Special & New Technologies segment with the banknote business and the new technologies.
This is the end of our presentation and we are very happy now to step into the Q&A and answer all of your questions.
[Operator Instructions] And the first question comes from Patrick Speck from Montega AG.
2. Question Answer
My first question is on your guidance. I mean you're guiding for a stable business performance in this year and again an EBITDA of EUR 80 million. Is it fair to assume then that your net result should be slightly negative again as it was last year?
Thank you for your question. No, we expect that our earnings this year will be positive. Our earnings before taxes in 2025 have already been positive. And only because to a very high tax result, negative tax result, our earnings became negative in 2025. But this tax result was extremely influenced by the deferred tax assets, which we needed to a certain degree to revaluate them. And they influenced the tax result by minus EUR 10 million negatively, and we don't expect this effect to happen again.
And if you expect a positive result then, should we also expect that you will be able to pay a dividend this year? I mean it's a bit early, I know, but most analysts, or the consensus, expects it. And I think one of your comments in one of the former earnings calls was that you are targeting for a dividend. So what conditions must be met from your point of view?
According to the dividend policy that we also published, we need to -- we at Koenig & Bauer want, first of all, to achieve a minimum earnings level before we pay dividends. And we very likely in this year, this situation will still be a little bit too early. We are happy to show that we are on the right track, and our goal is to show a positive net income in 2026. But maybe 1 year too early with regard to the payment of dividends to our shareholders.
Yes. Understood. Another question on your order backlog. Could you let us know to what extent is your strong order backlog protected by price escalation clause?
So I think first major answer is that, I mean, all of our contracts, I mean, allow customers to cancel, but we have received no cancellations. Also since the escalation of the war in the Middle East, we've had no cancellations coming from that region. So we don't see a problem there.
Pricing since COVID times, from the time of 2022 when we had the high inflation rates, that we protect ourselves on that front for sudden shifts and sudden changes. That's our normal course of business, and we feel quite comfortable that we have that under control. And yes, I think -- I hope that answers your question.
Yes, fair enough. And lastly, could you give any updates on your project with PowerCo?
It's ongoing. That's the best update I can give you, and it's a good update. There's nothing new to publish. Be assured, we will publish when we have news. But I think the main message is, and that's positive, it is absolutely ongoing with the full support of our team and Volkswagen. And it's a joint development project with very high management attention.
And it's also a project which takes quite a while, so that we are not yet able to publish any positive news. It's not un-normal or unexpected. It is still in course of the normal project duration that we expected.
Ladies and gentlemen, this was the last question. I would now like to turn the conference back over to Dr. Stephen Kimmich for any closing remarks. I'm sorry, we just got one question coming in. So the next question comes from Johannes Ries from Apus Capital GmbH.
Yes. I thought there would be more questions. Maybe on the IMPACT program. How much this program is also reducing your cost base? Or is it more a different target you're following with the project, if I read it right?
Yes. We call this a strategic framework. It's not a project. It's just a way to align ourselves and align our projects to ensure that we have a common direction for the entire group and that we're focusing on the right things. So there's no price tag or cost we put on it. At the end, it's all in our ordinary course of business of how we manage our various initiatives, various projects throughout the world. But as mentioned, as we talk about individual projects, for example, the closing of Albert-Frankenthal, or other future initiatives, of course, we'll talk about price tags or sales for various initiatives within that framework.
But at the moment, we're simply announcing the new framework and the new direction and the new priorities. And there's, of course, going to be more to come.
But within the framework, I think we can also -- clearly, what we have shown today is that there are strategic aspects and renewals included as well as, of course, efficiency improvement programs with regard to cost base or to machine costs.
Yes. And structural costs.
And structural costs.
On the regional focus, you mentioned Asia was strong last year and you expect it stays and get even stronger in the future. You also invest in people there. What could be maybe the share of revenue of Asia in 2 or 3 years or so? Is that one of the main drivers you're still targeting to increase your revenues in 4, 5 years to EUR 1.5 billion?
Yes, absolutely. It's a mixture of geographic growth and our new product portfolio. But clearly, the market data is clear that Asia Pacific and Latin America are growing faster than the rest of the world. So we want to grow with it.
Your direct business in Middle East, how big was it? Is it -- which maybe now is directly affected by the Iran war?
I think we'll have to publish -- we've never published that separately. It's not a 3-digit million figure. It's significantly below that. But it's significant enough that it's important for us, and the growth is important for us. But it's not a -- it's within this EUR 109 million on Page 12. The EUR 109 million: Africa, Latin America, Middle East, is within that figure, but we haven't broken it down past that.
On the new businesses, is it -- if I read it right, Vision and Protection has started stronger than Kyana?
I wouldn't say stronger than. We're launching them both at the same time. But we've given a lot of updates on Kyana in the past. We just picked Vision and Protection as an example, but it's certainly not an exclusive example.
Okay. But Kyana is also developing like we expected?
Yes, we're signing customers every quarter. I mean customers are signing up to Kyana as we speak.
AURAVEO is also something which is, yes, show customer interest and signed maybe some orders or some contracts?
With regard to AURAVEO, there are a lot of test cases running right now with quite prominent brands. Until now, we cannot disclose any of these discussions that we have. But we are quite confident that with -- during the course of 2026, there will be positive news from AURAVEO.
And last question, any update on your maybe discussions, maybe talks with Mr. Leibinger?
I think that's something you'll have to ask him.
Okay. Nothing new on this front. Okay, thanks a lot.
So ladies and gentlemen, this was now the last question. So I would like to turn the conference back over to Dr. Stephen Kimmich for any closing remarks.
Okay. So thank you very much for your interest and your attention and for taking the time to listen to us. For me, it was the first time publishing annual results as a CEO in my new role. And if we can bring one thing across, I think it's not just me, it's with Dr. Blum, with our new management team around us, Koenig & Bauer is heading in the right direction. I hope we're able to convince you of that, in challenging times.
And we're looking forward to talking to you again in a few weeks already about our Q1 results, where we're already confident we're going to show you great order intake. And we'll stay in touch. So thank you very much, and enjoy the rest of your week. Bye-bye.
Koenig & Bauer — Q3 2025 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Good morning, good afternoon. Thank you for joining today's call. I'm very happy to welcome you. And I'm very happy to start off by simply saying that we're going to be presenting to you the strongest Q3 operational performance that Koenig & Bauer has had in the last 7 years. So our strongest Q3 since 2018, showing that we're clearly well on our way to our operational turnaround in terms of profitability. And therefore, we'll also confirm our guidance today for the full year. If we look at Koenig & Bauer at a glance, as usual, on the first page of the presentation that you can also see in the webcast, there's a lot going on.
On the market side, of course, I mean, everybody reads the newspaper and knows that the global markets are difficult throughout the world in every corner of the globe, but we've done a lot. We had a lot of activities in Q3, trying to develop our alternative markets, strategic market development I will talk about in India and Middle East, also very active on the market and making Koenig & Bauer as visual as possible to our customers at various trade shows throughout the world and also marketing and launching new products, particularly on the software side, which I'll also talk a little bit about today.
But I think the main message and the focus in these calls is, of course, the operating performance in the quarter. And as you see under point 3, and as mentioned, our Q3 operating EBIT improved significantly. After the first 9 months, we're now up EUR 37.6 million compared to the prior year and at plus EUR 6.4 million after 9 months. That compared to last year, where at the same time, we were presenting figures with minus EUR 31.2 million.
So operationally, as mentioned, driven by our Spotlight program and the strong cost savings programs that we've done in the last 18 months, a very strong improvement. Revenue, order intake and order backlog, my colleague, Alexander Blum, will be talking about more in detail. Also here, a strong revenue, strong turnover compared to prior year.
Order intake slightly down, but still sitting, and that's perhaps the next major message, sitting on a very high and stable order backlog at the group. Our order backlog of over EUR 1.04 billion at a historically high level in a very difficult market times, but we're quite comfortable now moving into the next quarter on meeting our guidance and bringing us into 2026.
If we look at the two segments on Paper & Packaging, we'll report positive revenue development and a significant operational earnings improvement and a strong Q3. And also there, strong order intake, just very slightly down year-on-year, still well over EUR 500 million or above around EUR 500 million year-to-date. In our segment, S&T, also here, a very strong earnings improvement. S&T, to remind you, was the focus of the Spotlight program, and you can see it in the earnings that there they're hitting the bottom line and helping us improve profitability significantly.
And please also remember when we look at the order intake in that segment that 2024 was buoyed by a very strong order intake from our Banknote business. If we correct for that, also here only a slight reduction in order intake year-on-year. So the main message is operationally, we're clearly on track. Our programs that we've been talking about the last quarters have worked. They're hitting the bottom line. We've become more profitable and we'll end the year profitably. And that's been our major task the last 4 to 6 quarters.
And on the order intake side, despite the challenging times, we were still able to book orders in Q3 and maintain an order backlog at a very healthy level above EUR 1 billion. So if we move into more detail on Page 3. Also here, just repeating some of the points I made in the introduction, Spotlight delivered. We were talking about savings of EUR 40 million to EUR 50 million compared to 2023, and we've delivered. We're now looking at a Q3 EBIT that's the best we've had since 2018 at EUR 15.4 million, a very strong 3 months.
And this is what we needed for profitability improvements for stabilizing the business. Q3 after 9 months improved now from this minus EUR 31.2 million to plus EUR 6.4 million. So the trend we had promised you and didn't quite show you in Q1, but started to show you in Q2. We made a huge step forward in Q3 in our operational performance driven by Spotlight. At the bottom of the slide, you see the order backlog development. And I know there's already first comments out there about order backlog -- order intake being down, but I'd like to really focus on this page.
Our order backlog of EUR 1.036 billion is historically high. Even having a book-to-bill in Q3 slightly under EUR 1 billion compared this to where were we in Q3 '23, Q3 '18, '19, '20, our order backlog moving into the rest of the year, moving into next year is still quite healthy. We're able to book orders, not at the same level that we booked revenue in Q3, but I just, again, would like to point out, we do have a solid basis for the final quarter and beyond, and our order backlog is strong compared to where we used to be.
On Page 4, a little bit more detail on order intake for the single quarter. After 9 months, we're at EUR 857 million. Also here, Alex Blum will talk more in detail. At a first glance, this is 13.3% down. But I remind you, last year was driven by a single one-off large Banknote order.
If we correct both years for the stochastic Banknote, then we're talking about order backlog more in the lines of -- or sorry, order intake more in the lines of minus 3% year-on-year, which considering all of the peer group studies that you know from perhaps the German manufacturing associations or various other publications and order intake decline on our core business without considering banknote of only minus 3%, I think, is a quite good result.
We're pushing our products into the market in this difficult times at a level that we're still able to report these strong order backlogs. If we look at the two segments, Sheetfed at -- I am sorry, the Paper & Packaging Sheetfed Systems at EUR 150 million, slightly down versus prior year. The biggest drop you see here in the S&T segment, where Banknote is also located. Tariffs are out there. I mean I've spent a lot of time traveling in the last 6 months. I just came back to the United States last year.
The tariffs, it's a reality. It affects our order intake in the United States, and it does have an impact in the way countries throughout the world are considering their investments throughout the world. We're managing it. We are selling machines in the United States, but the trade policy tensions are something we simply have to be aware of and figure out how to manage it. How are we doing that? We're putting a lot of focus on alternative markets, particularly today, I will highlight India and the Middle East.
We're strengthening our presence at trade shows throughout the globe, and we're developing these new products and launching these new products so that we can generate revenue from new sources. If I go into that in more detail on Page 5 --two, I think, main messages. Koenig & Bauer will close 2025 with the strongest year in India ever, and we will close 2025 with the strongest year in the Middle East ever. We spent a lot of time this year focusing on these markets. Also me personally visiting both countries and extended visits because we see them being alternative growth sources for Koenig & Bauer in these new markets.
We see in India, we expect the packaging market to grow by double digits, over 10% in the UAE between 5% and 6%. These are markets we have to penetrate and have to be successful. We've been present in these markets since the 1970s, 1980s. We have decades-long partnerships with our agents there, with our customers there. And now it's about just increasing our presence and increasing our sales to these alternative markets.
And I think we're doing quite a good job. These are just two examples. Of course, we have activities ongoing in Latin America, in China, in Asia as well. The main message is at a macro level, we clearly see the European market still being weak. We see the United States being weak. And we -- but we're a global company with presence throughout the world, and we spend a lot of energy with our sales teams, with our business units, figuring out how to address these markets.
On Page 6, you see the other big push. It's not just about getting sales teams and traveling and visiting customers. It's about being present in the markets. We had five major trade shows in Q3 that we were present at in Bangkok, in Dusseldorf, in Nuremberg and Rome and another time the K 2025 is similar -- it's one of the largest trade shows in the world for flexible packaging, where we also had a major booth.
So we're present in the markets. We're present with our customers and these various trade shows are different parts of our business from flexible packaging to metal printing to corrugated board to our traditional sheetfed offset packaging shows. And that's the initiative. I think the main message we're trying to bring is the two singular biggest tasks the last months have been managing our profitability improvements and managing our order intake and the profitability improvements you can clearly see, Spotlight worked.
And the order intake, even it is slightly down year-on-year, still been able to maintain this large order backlog. And Alex Blum will give you some more focus on what that means in our financials. And of course, the third big topic of our guidance, et cetera. So on Page 7, the last highlight for me, and then I hand over. We announced at our Capital Markets Day and throughout the summer, two new product lines on the software side. On the left, you see the launch of our protected at print initiative, which is designed for product protection, so brand security.
And this is a very interesting product because the know-how comes from our Banknote business in developing secure banknotes and counterfeit secure banknotes, and we develop software solutions for how you can use an app, an iPhone to verify that a banknote is real based on the security features embedded in it. This is a very specific know-how to our industry, a very specific know-how to Koenig & Bauer. And I think the update today is that we launched these just really a matter of -- just a couple of months ago in around August, September, we launched these products.
And on the vision and protection side for protected at print, we have already successully acquired not just the first customers on the brand side, but also one of the strategies here is to find packaging manufacturers as multiplicators for our technology. And we have the two , Schwarz Druck and EURPACK that have been -- have now been certified by us as being able to offer to their customers our solution, protected at print.
And this has all happened really just within a matter of weeks after launching the product. On the right, you see our second software with AURAVEO. This is a different type of solution in our Koenig & Bauer Kyana spin-off. It's focusing more on connected packaging and how to embed as a digital tool, a way to connect packaging to the consumer.
Also here through not just apps, it's about entire technology stack supported by Google and how we can use, for example, also the new barcode laws in Europe that are being relaunched requiring new identifications on individual packaging. How can we leverage that at the part of the value chain that we support and we, I would say, even own in the pre-press workflow solutions in our presses of what has to be printed, how can we use that step to embed information and embed more value into the package itself or into the printed material itself.
So very interesting times. Both of these products were just recently launched just a matter of weeks ago. We're not to the point, of course, where we're going to talk about sales and revenue and EBIT. But I think the main message, what we want to say is we're working on a lot of different areas in our traditional business throughout the globe in new products and in innovative products in order to secure the future of Koenig & Bauer going forward.
So that was it for me on the Koenig & Bauer at a glance and a few of the business highlights in the quarter. And that being said, I would hand over to my CFO colleague, Alex Blum, to walk you through the rest of the slides and the financials.
Thank you very much, Stephen. Having a look at our revenues first, we were able to increase our revenues in the first 9 months of this year by 5% and if you have a look at the very left-hand quadrant, we have nearly at the same level still in order intake. So the book-to-bill ratio at Koenig & Bauer up to date -- year-to-date is very close to 1.0.
And keep in mind, as Stephen Kimmich already said, we have a very high order backlog with over EUR 1 billion. You can find this on the very right-hand side. And here you have a closer look to the line diagram below, you find there the historic order backlog that Koenig & Bauer had.
And there you will see that we are still on a very, very high and decent level up to now. On the next page, you have the -- you have a closer look at our profitability. And for a better reading and for a like-for-like comparison, we are not only showing to you the reported EBIT according to IFRS, which you will find on the left-hand column, but also on a very adjusted EBIT, which is maybe a better view on a like-for-like comparison basis.
But let me start with the reported EBIT. Koenig & Bauer managed to achieve a positive result after 9 months of EUR 1.6 million. And that is a fantastic result considering the last years, which were negative. And we have -- we show an improvement of nearly EUR 60 million on a year-on-year basis. In the middle, you see the EBIT bridge, where does the EUR 60 million improvement derived from? Yes, there are nonoperational extraordinary items of EUR 30 million, but you also find there additional nearly EUR 30 million of operational improvements.
The volume effect is nearly EUR 15 million. But within this volume effect, please keep in mind that there also is an improvement of the use of our capacities and utilization measures of EUR 1.3 million. So this effect is not only valid due to higher revenues, which we achieved by 5%, but also by a better management of our existing capacities. And on the other hand, you still find there the operating effect of above EUR 12 million, which strongly belong to the Spotlight product project by reducing costs, but also improving the prices and the product mix as well as our manufacturing costs.
Having a closer look on the third quarter stand-alone, you will see on the bottom line how the profitability has especially developed in the recent quarter. We improved it on a reported basis by nearly EUR 40 million, but we also -- we still improve it, which is on the bottom line on the very left hand, but we still improved it on an adjusted operating basis still by nearly EUR 12 million, up to EUR 60 million quarter results operating EBIT which is a very strong development.
On the revenue side, on the headline, you find there an improvement by over 20%, which is showing -- which is the result of strong efforts in the third quarter also to flatten out our year-on-year business or our business over the year. You still remember the fourth quarter is still very, very important and very strong. And historically, especially in the last year, it was very, very strong.
But we have mentioned this quite often, this is not healthy. We want to have -- we see a more stable development over the quarters within the year, and we want to flatten out the seasonality within the year. And as a first result, we managed to achieve revenues by over EUR 300 million already in the third quarter, which is a very good result of our management approach with regard to the seasonality.
The order intake, you find also on this slide in the third quarter was challenging. You see there a decrease by 28% compared to a year-on-year basis. But keep in mind that there was one of the stochastic order intakes of the Banknote business included in the third quarter last year. And this was an order intake not only for the next 12 months, but this is an order intake for the next 3 years for Koenig & Bauer. So we adjusted it to have -- to give you a better idea how the order intake adjusted by the B&S order intake would look like. And then you see there a drop of 12.5%.
This 12.5% is within the range or even better if you take compare it to the peers of Koenig & Bauer or to the general machinery business within Germany. The association for machinery, the VDMA just announced the last results in October and -- sorry, for September. And this -- the decrease that you see in this publication was above this 12.5%.
On the next slide, we see the LTM development of EBITDA ratio. And LTM is without seasonality as it simulates always the last 12 months as a full comparable to a calendar year. And we were still able to increase from Q2 to Q3, now up to an EBITDA margin of 7.4%. Very nice result. It shows you two things. First of all, the overall trend within our profitability. It is not only a quarterly result, which you see, which is improving, but you see there a general trend over the last quarters on an adjusted basis and an LTM basis.
And you also can see that the result without depreciation is even stronger improving compared to the EBIT. I think over the group income statement, we don't need it line by line. Let me just add two comments. The increase in the administrative costs is explainable. It's not big. Nevertheless, it is not what we are aiming for. We are not satisfied with this development, and we will place further emphasis and management attention to also to these cost types and working on further improvements.
And on the second note, with regard to the interest result, it improved compared to last year due to lower Euribor on the one hand. But on the other hand, we also had to hand out more accruals more -- guarantees, thank you very much. Guarantees for our strong order backlog. And that's this position, the interest result is a mixture of these two positions. On the next page, we are having a look on the Q3 cash flow, which was with nearly EUR 22 million in Q3 2025, very positive. And this shows if we have the right quarters with a strong revenue after the operational improvements that we took that also the cash flow is positive.
The overall net working capital is comparable to the level of last year, but it is still pretty high as we had to increase our inventory significantly compared to the end of last year. And having said that, we jump to the cash flow statement for the first 9 months. And there you still see a free cash flow, which is negative by minus EUR 62 million. And this is the result of the -- especially of the strong order -- of the strong increase in inventories that is necessary in order to perform the existing orders that we have in order to fulfill the order backlog that we have still on hand.
We also see that the prepayments that we receive that these are challenging times. First of all, we see more revenues in the Eastern part of the world and prepayments in the Eastern part of the world is more difficult to receive compared to the Western part. So that is -- this is also impacting our cash position after the first 9 months of this year. And on the other hand, we were presenting to you the order intake of Q3, which was lower compared to last year.
And of course, this has also a negative impact on the level of prepayments. Having said that, basically, we can summarize the free cash flow by these two events and explain it. Strong increase in inventories compared to the end of last year, where it was comparably low -- on a low level and the prepayments are -- receiving enough prepayments is -- was challenging, especially in the last 3 months.
The balance sheet is for reading only one comment with regard to equity. It is nearly unchanged and still on a ratio of nearly 23%. Having a look at our two segments. The Paper & Packaging segment is with regard to order entry on a -- still on a very high level. The order intake, you find there with EUR 500 million after 9 months, only minus 2.2% below last year. And remember, last year, there was a drupa event, which, of course, has especially for the offset printing business, a big effect.
So having this in mind, the development this year with regard to order intake is still very strong. We also -- you find also revenues with plus 4.4% compared to last year with an EBIT, which was a little bit below last year. The reasons for the decrease in EBIT is that we see there a geographical shift within our revenues. We were very good in increasing our revenues in the Southeast Asia side and in the Middle East geographics, as Stephen Kimmich described to you in his presentation.
But in these areas of the world, the margin -- the contribution margins for Koenig & Bauer is lower than in the regions of the Western world. And if you take a look at the regional report and the regional level, you find there a big decrease within the North America area from nearly EUR 230 million last year to only EUR 200 million this year. And this is also true because this year, we still have there some impact in the revenue numbers of the tariffs and the customs, which is increasing the revenue side on the one hand, but it's not adding any contribution rate.
If you jump back to the segments and if we have a look at the S&T segment, there you see that the order intake was significantly lower this year compared to last year, but this is especially true because of the big order intake by Banknote business last year, which was not expected to be repeated this year.
So the main effect is due to Banknote business. With regard to operational performance, S&T segment made a huge step forward and improved its profitability significantly by nearly EUR 35 million plus. And this is especially also, as Stephen mentioned, due to Spotlight program where all the attention was shifted to the S&T segment to improve profitability. And we managed to improve profitability significantly in this year, even though the challenging times and even though the order intake was much below last year.
You also find in the backup the Digital & Web business unit. And if you have a special look at the order intake with Digital & Web, you find there that the America tariff situation affected the DNV business unit, especially because the order intake dropped from EUR 100 million last year to around EUR 60 million this year.
With a higher order intake in this business unit, we would have achieved also an profitable EBIT in the S&T segment after 9 months. Having a short look on the situation with regard to trade agreements between EU -- the Europe and the U.S.A. and I'm sure you're all familiar with it. We only want to quickly summarize this. We are affected by the tariffs of at least 15% plus on our machines. But not only this 15%, you also have some parts which belong to the section -- so-called Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act.
And that says that these parts have a special taxation of minimum 50% plus with regard to steel, copper and aluminum. And our machines are partly affected by the special Section 232 as well. Having this in mind, this, of course, explains why the shift in markets or the shift in revenue, which is also repeated on this side on the bottom left -- right-hand corner, you see the decrease, and this explains mainly the decrease in sales.
The U.S. and the customers in the U.S. are very curious to place orders with regard to CapEx items, and we find this in our revenue by region as well as in our order intake situation. Having said this, we are more than happy that we still confirm our guidance and the outlook for 2025. We stick to the revenue growth to EUR 1.3 billion, and we stick to the corridor of the EBIT between EUR 35 million to EUR 50 million.
But it is more fair to say and to state that with regard to the challenging geopolitical development as well as the trade policy uncertainties just mentioned within the United States, or the general macroeconomic conditions that we find it more realistic to end up with an EBIT in the lower half of the mentioned corridor.
With regards to expectation management and with regards to regaining and building trust within the financial community, Stephen and I, we decided to be there very, very straightforward and try to manage the expectations as good as possible in order to walk our talk and to be straight with the financial markets.
So this was the end of our presentation. And now I'm happy to hand over to the operator for your questions.
[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Stefan Augustin with Warburg Research.
2. Question Answer
Congratulations to the good earnings in Q3. But indeed, my first question will arise around the order intake. Unfortunately, I think the tariffs will not go away in the near term. So we might see this continuing for a while. And looking at your last year's order intake in Q4, it was very, very strong in both segments, also in Paper and Packaging. If you want to have an order intake around your guided sales level, you would need more than EUR 400 million of order intake in Q4 again this year. Do you think this is possible? And could you also comment a little bit here on the Banknote order pipeline, big order pipeline you have in special? That's my first question.
Sure. Maybe I can start, and then Alex can expand if necessary. So I mean, I think two or three different parts of the answer. First, the straight answer, we don't guide for order intake. So we're not going to answer that part of the question. We're trying to win every award we can. And of course, the goal is always to have a high order backlog and high order intake. We're comfortable with our order backlog so that the order intake in Q4 is not linked directly to our sales performance in 2026. So I think that's just kind of a technical answer, but we don't guide for expected order intake.
The market in the U.S. is tough, and I think the tariffs are here to stay. It's my personal opinion. The market will absorb them eventually, but margins become under pressure and what becomes more expensive gets sold less. So I think there are a 2-part answer. We are selling machines to the U.S. It's not that the market has disappeared. The machines that we're selling are taking longer in the decision-making. The customers are a little hesitant to order, but the market is still there and margins, of course, become under pressure as things get more expensive.
And we're not overly reliant on the United States. We have opportunities outside the United States to compensate. I think that we mentioned often enough in our presentation. And we have our new products that we can also push into the market. So that overall, I think we're doing everything we can. And even the order intake level in Q3 is not something that makes us nervous. I mean we're placing orders in difficult times, and we just have to keep pushing. So I think that answered all your questions. And we, as a company, I think the entire industry and has to just prepared that this new reality of tariffs for the United States is part of doing business with the United States and not sit back and expect that to change anytime soon.
Maybe a quick add-on that one. If I look at their Digital & Web orders and order intake also that, as you mentioned, was a bit hurt. And basically, many of your key customers here from the first products have been in the U.S. So do you see emergence of interest for these products in the other regions as well? Or do we need to think that this might remain a difficult pocket of the product?
I mean, I think it's clear that Digital & Web still remains our most difficult challenge. It's solved on the cost side. I think the spotlight is clear. We can show you that the structural cost measures we did for Digital & Web, they worked. But now we have the second challenge now on the top line. U.S. is an important market for hi-tech, and that is the digital -- particularly digital printers and Digital & Web. But we absolutely see markets outside of the U.S. We're installing the first machine in Korea. I was visiting -- I visited a RotaJET three weeks ago, installed in India. We -- I had discussions in the Middle East of customers that are interested in buying RotaJET. It's a shame that the U.S. is softening. Of course, that doesn't make our job easier. But absolutely, we see markets other -- outside of the United States, and that's the task. That's the management task going forward.
And Koenig & Bauer is successfully addressing these markets, as you can see in the order intake. Otherwise, our order intake and our book-to-bill ratio after 9 months wouldn't be 1.0.
Two other ones. The first is, would you make a comment on your cash flow expectations for the full year? And can you remind me if there is any, let's say, considerable amounts due from operational restructurings or spotlight to flow out? And the last one is actually technicality. In Q1, you very successfully hedged U.S. dollar expected sales. Do I find the respective gains on the exchange rate in, let's say, the paper and special divisions? Or is it rather coming up in the holding and consolidation line?
Yes, happy to answer. Let's start with the cash flow. We don't guide specifically on cash flow, but the cash flow in Q4 is definitely to be expected on a high -- on a positive level as well. We expect to decrease our net debt also in Q4. So we will see improvements with regards to debt and with further improvements with regard to free cash flow in the first -- in the fourth quarter.
With regards to the hedging, the most positive effects of the hedging are directly booked as other comprehensive income to the equity. So the most gains out of these hedging does not touch our P&L. So it means our P&L is not at all inflated by any hedging gains. It is more or less -- it is pure operational performance within the P&L. We only see a very small effect of hedging gains of EUR 1.6 million, which is directly booked to the revenues and which is indirectly affecting positive results. But the P&L is very much not touched, not inflated by the book gains of the hedging business.
Is this EUR 1.7 million then in Q3 alone or 9 months?
It was after 9 months.
All right. And then just the cash outs from spotlight, first of all, is anything missing? Or is everything already?
In the -- up to now, it is 95% to 100% already done. And we -- but it is a very good question because in 2025, we saw a cash out of nearly EUR 10 million out of the Spotlight measures. We don't adjust it in our free cash flow. So it is affecting negatively our free cash flow after the first 9 months this year and by roughly EUR 10 million cash out due to spotlight measures.
Our next question comes from Jorge Gonzalez with Hauck Aufhäuser Investment Banking.
Firstly, congratulations on the progression of the margins, very impressive. And my first question is on this regard. I know that you have still not detailed the guidance for next year, but let's say that in a scenario that you have a flat development, which is the additional support in EBITDA or EBIT that you are expecting, thanks to the improvement in terms of the salaries reduction and other cost efficiencies that you have achieved at this point. Can you give us some color on the expectations of the support from cost savings for next year? That will be my first question, please.
Yes, I mean, we can restate that you find there some -- that you see a lot of cost reductions within -- out of the spotlight program within our P&L. And there are different ways to report them. The way how we were for our banks, for instantly calculating the spotlight reductions that we have, it was on a stand-alone basis compared to the end of 2023. And maybe you remember the numbers because I think they were also shared with you in the investor telephone conferences of EUR 50 million to EUR 60 million.
So all the measures reached an effect of, let's say, EUR 55 million. But compared to the level -- to the end of -- compared to the base or the baseline was end of 2023 on the one hand. And on the other hand, increases -- cost increases were not shown in this number. So it is a broad -- excuse me, a gross number and not a net saving numbers.
But if you have again a look on the EBIT page in our presentation, and I think you can -- it is presented to you and is shared via the screen to you, you see -- no, it's not. Then let me say the number -- it's Page #9 in our presentation. Within the EBIT bridge, you find other operating effects of at least EUR 12 million compared on a year-on-year basis. And this is mainly due to the cost reduction measures out of the Spotlight program. And as I mentioned within my presentation, with the other volume effect of savings of nearly EUR 15 million, out of the EUR 15 million, there are EUR 3.5 million due to better utilization of our capacities on hand within our group. And that is also partly effect of Spotlight. So within the EBIT bridge, within the, let's say, nearly EUR 30 million operating improvements, most of these effects are due to the Spotlight program.
I would only add, I mean, when we announced Spotlight, we had said $40 million to $50 million in '25 and $50 million to $60 million in '26. So roughly $10 million difference between '25 and '26 on average. I think that was your question about what do we expect in '26. And it's too early for us to say. We sped Spotlight up as much as possible. So the year-on-year impact '26 versus '25, there will certainly be an impact for measures that were not fully installed in 2025, but we're talking about a much smaller figure, and that's not going to be a key driver for profitability improvements next year. With Spotlight, we would consider to be closed out and finished at the end of December 31, 2025, that Spotlight is done. And next year, we're not going to be sitting here talking to you about Spotlight impact in '26.
Okay. Very clear. Maybe -- so the bridge is around EUR 10 million 1 year to the other. But how much are you expecting in Q4 similar to Q3? Or there is any even improvement for Q4 in terms of the year-on-year cost savings comparison that I should take into account?
No, I think the way to think about it is that Spotlight is finished, is installed. So the further year-on-year impacts starting Q4 and 2026 versus prior year, they will decline towards -- that will not be the driver of future profitability increases. So I wouldn't model for Spotlight effects in Q4.
Okay. And this -- regarding the first comment that you have for '26, this 5% to 6% margin. This was referred to -- in the case of achieving a sales revenue of around EUR 1.5 billion -- or up to EUR 1.5 billion as you have in your original target or this corridor is also compatible with a flat development in sales? Do you have a view on that at this point?
It is -- yes, it is a strategic target of Koenig & Bauer, and it is in line with -- and the target EBIT margin of 5.6% is also -- it is bound to a revenue level of EUR 1.55 billion. But with regard to next year, we don't want to -- as we are in the middle of the budget process and internal discussions, we don't want to guide today on the next year, but we will come to you with regard to 2026 on a later date.
Okay. And last one, if I may, regarding also the demand levels. And I know that you don't want to speak much about this year. But I'm wondering if your general view is that we see the worst in North America in terms of demand, and it is more like a wait and see strategy of the clients just to obviously avoid paying above final prices. And then it will depend on the clients' view on if the tariffs will remain or not. And so demand will resume at some point? Or do you think maybe we see further deterioration in North America? That will be helpful because I imagine this is basically the region where maybe you have less visibility at this point.
That's a very good question. And what we can see is that we -- yes, there are still orders from North America. And the situation improved also a little bit with regards to our Paper and Packaging segment in the last month. So is it already the end of the corridor? I'm not sure. I mean, we have seen so many surprises with regard to the U.S., it's really difficult to say. But we can definitely confirm, first of all, there are orders from the U.S. And yes, we also see a slight improvement or we see a slightly improving situation with our Paper and Packaging segment with regard to order intake from North America. But I'm still -- as a finance guy, you're always careful. So to talk often completely change in the situation with regard to demand. I think this might be too early. But at least it is what we also don't see, it is not further worsening.
I would only expand, I just came back to the U.S. last week. It is very tough to judge what will happen and the policies are very erratic. But I think the straight answer to the question would be, I think the U.S. customers are now pricing in the tariffs in their business models and no longer in a wait-and-see mode of maybe the tariffs will go away. This is a fantasy, frankly, in my opinion. And my impression from the U.S. customers is that they're accepting that the tariffs are a fact. They're pricing it into their business models. They're putting pressure on pricing and margins because the machines are more expensive due to the tariffs. But there's this wait-and-see attitude of let's just not buy anything because maybe the tariffs will go away, that is getting much, much less. What hits demand is the more expensive machine due to the tariffs, making business cases less attractive and therefore, driving to fewer buy decisions. But it's less the uncertainty and more just the general -- or less the tariff uncertainty and more just the general everything is more expensive. I hope that makes sense.
Yes. No, makes all the sense. Maybe you can help us here. In terms of units, can you give us how it compares this year with the historical average of the last 4 to 5 years? I mean is -- maybe you have seen a year that could be a floor in terms of units or because you are delivering also machines pre tariffs during the year is not -- I mean, it's difficult to compare, I don't know. If you can see in the numbers that maybe -- yes, I mean, we have seen the worst here, but that doesn't mean that it's going to recover fast, but I don't know. Is there any green shoots there that you can share with us?
No, I think understood, and I think it's too difficult of a question to answer today in the call. We'll think about how to communicate in some way, how do we see the North American market. It's a clear question. It's not so easy to answer. So I think for today, we have to leave it at that. And if it's okay with you, I think we have only 5 minutes left and I have one more person in the line if we can move on.
[Operator Instructions] Our next question comes from Patrick Speck with Montega.
And also from my side, congrats on the -- yes, very strong development in Q3, especially in earnings. When I look at the details, I was a bit surprised by the decline in operating EBIT in the P&P segment. Was this mainly due to the tariff situation? Or was there anything else?
Yes, it was indirectly due to the tariff situation because the geographic mix changed in the Paper and Packaging segment. We generated more revenues within Asia Pacific area as well as Africa and Latin America, slightly increased, but a significant lower part within the North America business, and Europe was nearly stable. So that is the main reason for the decrease -- the relative decrease in profitability within Paper and Packaging.
Understood. And would you assume that -- yes, a similar development in Q4 for both of the segments or a slight decline in Paper and Packaging in EBIT and a strong recovery in S&T?
Basically, the strong recovery in S&T. That is the main driver of the result. As you can see within the segment reporting, Paper and Packaging is more or less stable, and the increase derived from the S&T segment. And this will stay true for the fourth quarter as well.
I would also -- I find hard to talk about a decline in Paper and Packaging. I mean at the size of the business unit, we can talk about really it's more of just a flat development. I mean it's a few hundred thousand euros down year-on-year, but I would not describe that as a declining profitability. I would say it's more or less a flat development in terms of operating performance. And I totally agree with Alex, but I remind everybody on the call, the focus of our organization and our management in the last 18 months has been improving profitability in S&T. Deliberately was the focus and spotlight on S&T. That doesn't mean we ignored Paper and Packaging, but I think you can see the results, and they're obvious in all the charts no matter where you look. We did a good job in fixing the profitability of S&T, particularly in Banknote and MetalPrint, also on our holding costs, and did have success in Digital & Web that unfortunately is being counteracted by volume effects in that segment. So we just keep pushing.
And secondly, supply chains are coming up as a topic again, especially in automotive industries, but also in the capital goods sector. How dependent are you on chips, for example, or anything else? Do you see any upcoming and increasing risks for your supply chain?
Not until now. So the exterior effect, which was in the press, we don't see it right now in the supply chain. And personally, I do not expect another supply chain topic in the recent -- in the next months, at least not for putting above -- sorry, a little bit more specific.
And lastly, a quick update on your PowerCo cooperation would be helpful if you can share some information about that.
It's ongoing. That's -- and we are working hard with Volkswagen together to industrialize. There's no new status to report. We promise to come back to you when there's something new. I think the only real status update is, it's -- we're also there, we're pushing forward. And we are still very positive on that -- on the further development.
Ladies and gentlemen, this was our last question. I would like now to turn the conference back over to Mr. Kimmich for any closing remarks.
So thank you very much for joining, and we are exactly on time, 1 minute before 2 o'clock here in Germany. And thanks for your attention and your interest in Koenig & Bauer. It was -- I think to sum up today's call, you can clearly see our operational performance improvements and our focus on cost and cost and cost, and becoming more resilient at a new structural cost basis. That's working. That's been our big effort.
And the second big challenge now is alternative markets getting products into the field. And the market is challenging. We're doing a good job. We're happy with our order backlog. Of course, you can always do better, but I think we're still well positioned moving now and towards the end of the year and look forward to talking to you all again, most likely in February when we publish our preliminary results and no later than March in our annual report then on March '26. We'll look forward to talking to you again until then. Talk to you soon. Thank you very much.
Financial data from Koenig & Bauer
Revenue
Revenue is the sum of all sales generated by a company, e.g. for its products or services.
Revenue (TTM) metric explainedDirect Costs
Direct costs are the costs incurred directly in connection with the manufacture of the product or service.
Gross Profit
Gross Profit indicates how much of the revenue remains in the company after deducting direct production costs. If the percentage share of sales is calculated, this is referred to as the gross margin.
Gross Profit metric explainedSelling and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) include all expenses for marketing and sales as well as the general administration of the company.
Research and Development Expense
Research and development costs (R&D) provide information on how much the company invests in the research and development of its products. The costs are particularly interesting as a percentage of revenue and in comparison to direct competitors.
EBITDA
EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) is the company's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. The EBITDA margin is calculated as a percentage of sales.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation represents reductions in the value of the company's assets (e.g. due to wear and tear on machinery).
EBIT (Operating Income)
EBIT (Earnings Before Interest and Taxes) is the company's profit before interest and taxes, also known as the operating income. The EBIT Margin is calculated as a percentage of sales at
.
Net Profit
Net Profit represents the profit or loss after deduction of all costs.
Net Profit metric explainedStocksGuide Premium
| Jun '26 |
+/-
%
|
||
| Revenue | 1,310 1,310 |
1%
1%
100%
|
|
| - Direct Costs | 946 946 |
4%
4%
72%
|
|
| Gross Profit | 364 364 |
19%
19%
28%
|
|
| - Selling and Administrative Expenses | 284 284 |
6%
6%
22%
|
|
| - Research and Development Expense | 52 52 |
6%
6%
4%
|
|
| EBITDA | - - |
-
-
|
|
| - Depreciation and Amortization | - - |
-
-
|
|
| EBIT (Operating Income) EBIT | 32 32 |
312%
312%
2%
|
|
| Net Profit | -10 -10 |
80%
80%
-1%
|
|
In millions EUR.
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Company Profile
Koenig & Bauer AG engages in the manufacture, supply, and marketing of sheetfed and printing presses. It operates through the following segments: Sheetfed, Digital & Web, and Special. The Sheetfed segment include offset presses for packaging and commercial printing, as well as workflow and logistics solutions. The Digital & Web segment comprises of digital and offset web-fed presses for decor, flexible packaging, newspaper, and commercial printing. The Special segment is composed of special presses for banknote and security printing and systems for industrial marking and coding. The company was founded by Andreas Bauer and Friedrich Koenig on August 9, 1817 and is headquartered in Würzburg, Germany.
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| Head office | Germany |
| CEO | Dr. Plesske |
| Employees | 5,526 |
| Founded | 1817 |
| Website | www.koenig-bauer.com |


