Wallenstam Stock price
📊 Peer Group
📈 What is it?
The peer group consists of the companies with the most similar business model. They serve as a benchmark for putting a stock into context.
🧮 How is it selected?
Based on similarity of business model, meaning companies from the same industry with comparable products and a similar customer base. That's the only way to compare apples to apples.
🏛️ Why does it matter?
Whether a stock is cheap or expensive is best judged by comparison. A P/E of 18 or an EV/FCF of 20 can look cheap or expensive depending on the yardstick. The peer group gives you the most accurate one: companies with a similar business model that operate under the same conditions.
🎯 What does it mean for investors?
When a metric sits below the peer average, the stock is valued more cheaply relative to its competitors, and above the average more expensively. A discount to the peer group can be an opportunity, but it can also have a reason (for example lower growth). The comparison is a starting point, not a verdict.
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Key metrics
📘 Market Capitalization
📈 What is it?
Market capitalization shows how much a company is currently worth on the stock market.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It helps classify companies by size (Large, Mid, Small Cap) and indicates their market presence and relative stability.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Large-cap companies tend to be more stable, often pay dividends, but may grow more slowly.
- Smaller firms may offer higher growth potential but come with more volatility.
- Market capitalization is a useful indicator of company size — but not a measure of whether a stock is undervalued or overvalued.
📘 Enterprise Value (EV)
📈 What is it?
Enterprise Value represents the total cost to acquire a company — including its debt and excluding its cash reserves.
🧮 How is it calculated?
(= Market Cap + Net Debt)
🏛️ Why is it important?
EV gives a more complete picture of a company's value than market cap alone and is used in key valuation ratios like EV/FCF or EV/Sales.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Enterprise Value shows the true cost of buying a company, including all financial obligations.
- It is more accurate than just looking at market cap, especially when comparing companies with different levels of debt or cash.
- Professional investors prefer EV-based multiples because they better reflect the company’s full financial footprint.
📘 Net Debt
📈 What is it?
Net Debt shows how much debt remains after subtracting a company’s available cash reserves.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It indicates how dependent a company is on borrowed money and how easily it can service its debt in the short term.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Low or negative net debt signals financial strength and flexibility.
- Companies with strong cash positions are better positioned in crises.
- High net debt increases financial risk — especially in environments with rising interest rates or economic downturns.
📘 Cash
📈 What is it?
Cash represents all liquid assets a company can access immediately — including cash, bank deposits, and short-term investments.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It reflects a company’s financial flexibility and resilience — enabling investments, buybacks, or buffer in downturns.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A strong cash position means greater room for maneuver and crisis resistance.
- Cash-rich companies can invest, pay down debt, or repurchase shares.
- But excess idle cash might indicate a lack of growth opportunities.
📘 Shares Outstanding
📈 What is it?
Shares outstanding represent the total number of a company’s shares currently held by investors — excluding treasury stock.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It’s the basis for key metrics like Earnings Per Share (EPS), Market Capitalization, or the Price/Earnings ratio (P/E).
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Fewer shares in circulation typically increase earnings per share — making each share more valuable.
- Share buybacks reduce the number of shares and boost per-share metrics.
- Issuing new shares does the opposite — diluting shareholder value and lowering per-share figures.
📘 Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E)
📈 What is it?
The P/E ratio shows how many times a company's earnings per share are reflected in its current share price — in other words, how "expensive" the stock appears relative to its profits.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
The P/E ratio is one of the most widely used valuation metrics. It helps investors assess whether a stock appears cheap or expensive compared to its earnings power.
🧮 Calculation
📊 P/E (TTM) = Based on earnings from the last 12 months (Trailing Twelve Months):🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low P/E may indicate undervaluation — or signal underlying issues.
- A high P/E may reflect strong growth expectations — or an overvalued stock.
📘 Price-to-Sales Ratio (P/S)
📈 What is it?
The P/S ratio shows how much investors are paying for $1 of the company’s revenue – regardless of profitability.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
P/S is especially useful for evaluating growth companies or businesses not yet profitable. It reflects how the market values the company’s sales.
🧮 Calculation
Market Cap = kr22.30b | Revenue (TTM) = kr3.29b
Market Cap = kr22.30b | Estimated Revenue = kr3.17b
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low P/S may indicate undervaluation — or low profitability.
- A high P/S can reflect strong growth expectations — or excessive optimism.
- Especially helpful when evaluating companies where profits are low, volatile, or negative.
📘 Enterprise Value to Sales (EV/Sales)
📈 What is it?
EV/Sales shows how much investors are paying for $1 of revenue — considering not just equity, but also debt and cash. It’s the capital structure–adjusted version of the P/S ratio.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It’s ideal for comparing companies with different levels of debt. It reflects a company's true cost relative to its revenue.
🧮 Calculation
Enterprise Value = kr57.26b | Revenue (TTM) = kr3.29b
Enterprise Value = kr57.26b | Forward Revenue = kr3.17b
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- EV/Sales allows for capital structure–neutral company comparisons.
- A lower ratio may indicate undervaluation; a higher one may signal strong growth expectations or overvaluation.
- Especially helpful when evaluating high-growth companies with low or negative earnings.
📘 Enterprise Value to Free Cash Flow (EV/FCF)
📈 What is it?
EV/FCF shows how many years it would take for a company to "pay back" its enterprise value using its free cash flow.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It focuses on real cash generation, ignoring accounting noise — ideal for assessing profitability and value based on liquidity, not earnings.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low EV/FCF may signal undervaluation and strong cash generation.
- A high EV/FCF might reflect weak recent cash flow or aggressive growth expectations.
- Best suited for stable, mature businesses with predictable free cash flows.
📘 Price-to-Book Ratio (P/B)
📈 What is it?
The P/B ratio compares a company’s market value to its book value — showing how much investors are paying for each dollar of net assets.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
P/B is commonly used for asset-heavy industries like banks or industrials. It helps assess whether a stock is trading above or below its net asset value.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A P/B below 1 may signal undervaluation — or weak profitability.
- A P/B above 1 implies the market expects future value creation (e.g., brand, IP, growth).
- Best used for companies with tangible assets and strong balance sheets.
📘 Dividend per Share (DPS)
📈 What is it?
Dividend per Share shows how much cash a company pays out to shareholders for each share they own – usually on an annual or quarterly basis.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
DPS is the absolute value of the payout per share – crucial for income-focused investors and dividend strategies.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A stable or growing DPS often signals a strong, shareholder-friendly business.
- DPS alone doesn’t tell you how attractive the payout is – the stock price also matters (→ see Dividend Yield).
- Long-term dividend growth is often a hallmark of high-quality companies – like the dividend aristocrats.
📘 Dividend Yield
📈 What is it?
Dividend yield shows how large a company’s dividend is in relation to its current share price.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It allows investors to compare dividend payouts across stocks, regardless of price or payout size.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A stable yield can reflect reliable distributions.
- Comparing 1Y and 5Y yield shows whether dividend growth keeps pace with stock price appreciation.
- A low yield isn’t always negative – it can signal strong past performance or growth focus.
📘 Dividend Growth
📈 What is it?
Dividend growth shows how much a company has increased its dividend per share over time.
🧮 How is it calculated?
5Y: Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
🏛️ Why is it important?
Consistently rising dividends are often a sign of financial strength and shareholder orientation – especially relevant for long-term investors.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Stable dividend growth is a sign of sustainable earning power.
- High dividend growth can significantly boost your total return:
- If a company pays $1 in dividends and increases it by 15% annually over 5 years, you’ll receive $2 per share in year 5 – twice as much as at the start!
📘 Payout Ratio
📈 What is it?
The payout ratio shows what percentage of a company’s earnings (per share) is distributed to shareholders as dividends.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It helps assess whether the dividend is sustainable – especially in relation to the company’s profitability.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low payout ratio means the company retains more earnings for reinvestment – typical for growth companies.
- A moderate payout (e.g. 25–50%) indicates a healthy balance between returns and reinvestment.
- High payout ratios may seem attractive but can carry risk if earnings decline.
📘 Consecutive Dividend Increases
📈 What is it?
This metric shows how many consecutive years a company has raised its dividend per share – without any cuts or pauses.
🧮 How is it calculated?
(Special dividends are not considered.)
🏛️ Why is it important?
A long track record of increases reflects financial strength, consistency, and shareholder commitment.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A long dividend increase streak builds confidence – especially in volatile markets.
- Such companies are seen as reliable and income-friendly investments.
- The longer the streak, the stronger the company’s dividend discipline.
📘 Revenue
📈 What is it?
Revenue shows how much a company earns in total from selling its products and services – the gross income before any costs are deducted.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
Revenue is one of the key figures to assess a company’s size, market position, and growth potential.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Growing revenue indicates rising demand and can be an early signal of future earnings growth.
- Comparing actual and expected revenue reveals trends in the market environment and analyst sentiment.
- Note: Strong revenue alone isn’t enough – margins and profitability matter just as much.
📘 EBITDA
📈 What is it?
EBITDA stands for “Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization.” It reflects a company’s operating profit before the effects of financing, taxes, and accounting depreciation.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
EBITDA is widely used to evaluate a company’s operating performance – especially across capital-intensive sectors or international comparisons.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high or growing EBITDA indicates strong operational profitability – independent of taxes, interest, or accounting methods.
- It’s especially useful for comparing companies across sectors or geographies.
- Important: EBITDA is not a net income figure – it excludes key costs like depreciation and interest.
📘 EBIT
📈 What is it?
EBIT stands for “Earnings Before Interest and Taxes.” It reflects a company’s operating profit after depreciation, but before interest and tax expenses.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
EBIT is a core profitability metric that shows how well the company performs in its main business operations – independent of capital structure and tax environment.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high EBIT indicates strong profitability from the company’s core business – before financial and tax effects.
- It allows better comparison between companies with different debt levels or tax structures.
- Compared to EBITDA, EBIT already accounts for depreciation and reflects capital intensity more clearly.
📘 Net Income
📈 What is it?
Net income is the company’s total profit – the amount left after all expenses, taxes, interest, and depreciation have been deducted.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
Net income is the most comprehensive measure of a company’s profitability – showing how much actual profit remains after all business and financing costs.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Growing net income indicates that the company is managing all of its costs efficiently.
- It directly influences valuation metrics like P/E ratio and the company’s dividend capacity.
- Over time, net income trends reveal how resilient and profitable the business model really is.
📘 Free Cash Flow (FCF)
📈 What is it?
Free Cash Flow shows how much actual cash remains after a company covers its operating expenses and capital expenditures.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
FCF reflects a company’s real financial strength – regardless of accounting profits. It shows how much flexibility a company has for dividends, share buybacks, or debt reduction.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- High free cash flow means the company generates real, usable cash – independent of reported net income.
- It’s often the most reliable base for sustainable dividends and buybacks.
- Declining FCF can be an early warning sign – even when profits appear stable.
📘 Revenue Growth
📈 What is it?
Revenue growth shows how much a company’s sales have changed compared to the previous year – both on a trailing basis (TTM) and based on forward projections.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Forward = (Expected revenue ÷ Revenue in prior year − 1) × 100
Forward growth is based on analyst estimates for the current fiscal year.
🏛️ Why is it important?
Rising revenue signals growing demand, business expansion, and market share gains – especially important for growth-oriented companies.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Growth is the engine of long-term value creation – especially in tech and growth sectors.
- What matters is not just current growth, but its sustainability.
- Forward projections reflect whether analysts expect continued momentum – or a slowdown.
📘 EBITDA Growth
📈 What is it?
EBITDA growth shows how much a company’s operating profit (before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) has increased or decreased compared to the previous year.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Forward = (Expected EBITDA ÷ EBITDA from prior year − 1) × 100
The forward estimate is based on analyst projections for the current fiscal year.
🏛️ Why is it important?
Growing EBITDA indicates improving operational profitability – regardless of financing or accounting effects.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Strong EBITDA growth signals operational efficiency and scalability – especially during growth phases.
- EBITDA growth can be an early indicator of margin and earnings expansion – but should be assessed alongside revenue and EBIT.
📘 EBIT Growth
📈 What is it?
EBIT growth shows how much a company’s operating profit (after depreciation, but before interest and taxes) has increased compared to the previous year.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Forward = (Expected EBIT ÷ EBIT from prior year − 1) × 100
The forward estimate is based on analyst projections for the current fiscal year.
🏛️ Why is it important?
EBIT growth is a direct indicator of a company’s business performance – taking into account capital intensity through depreciation.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Rising EBIT signals improving operating profitability – even after accounting for depreciation.
- It’s especially important for evaluating companies with significant capital expenditures.
- Combined with revenue and EBITDA growth, EBIT growth provides a well-rounded view of operational progress.
📘 Net Income Growth
📈 What is it?
Net income growth shows how much a company’s bottom-line profit has increased or decreased compared to the previous year – both on a trailing basis (TTM) and based on analyst projections.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Forward = (Expected net income ÷ Net income from prior year − 1) × 100
The forward estimate reflects analysts’ expectations for the current fiscal year.
🏛️ Why is it important?
Net income is the ultimate measure of profitability. Growing net income signals stronger efficiency, cost control, and sustainable earnings power.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Stronger net income boosts valuation, dividend potential, and investor confidence.
- If profits stall while revenue grows, it may signal margin pressure.
📘 Free Cash Flow Growth
📈 What is it?
Free cash flow (FCF) growth shows how a company’s available cash – after covering operating expenses and capital expenditures – has changed compared to the previous year.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
Free cash flow reflects real financial strength. Growing FCF indicates more flexibility for dividends, share buybacks, and reinvestment.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Declining FCF may point to rising investments, increasing costs, or weaker operating performance.
- Especially for dividend investors, FCF growth is critical – since dividends are paid from actual available cash.
- A negative trend isn't always bad, but it deserves closer attention.
📘 Gross Margin
📈 What is it?
Gross margin shows how much of a company’s revenue remains after deducting the direct costs of goods sold (like materials and production). It represents the company’s “raw profit” before fixed costs, taxes, and interest.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Or simply: Gross Margin = Gross Profit ÷ Revenue × 100
🏛️ Why is it important?
Gross margin indicates how efficiently a company can produce or procure what it sells. It is a key measure of product-level profitability and pricing power.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high gross margin suggests strong pricing power and efficient production.
- Falling margins may signal rising input costs or competitive pressure.
- Compared to peers, gross margin offers insights into the quality of a business model.
📘 EBITDA Margin
📈 What is it?
The EBITDA margin shows how much of a company’s revenue remains as operating profit before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.It reflects operating efficiency without being distorted by financing or accounting factors.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
The EBITDA margin reveals how much operating income a company generates per dollar of revenue – independent of capital structure and tax effects.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high EBITDA margin reflects strong core profitability – before accounting distortions.
- It allows for effective comparisons across companies and sectors.
- A stable or growing margin signals efficient cost control and business scalability.
📘 EBIT Margin
📈 What is it?
The EBIT margin shows what percentage of revenue remains as operating profit after depreciation but before interest and taxes.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
The EBIT margin reflects a company’s core profitability while accounting for capital intensity (e.g. machinery, infrastructure). It’s especially useful for comparing businesses with different levels of depreciation.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high EBIT margin shows that the company remains efficient even after factoring in depreciation.
- It’s especially relevant for capital-intensive industries.
- Stable or rising EBIT margins over time are a strong indicator of pricing power and business quality.
📘 Net Margin
📈 What is it?
Net margin shows how much of a company’s revenue remains as bottom-line profit after deducting all costs, interest, taxes, and depreciation.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
Net margin reflects a company’s overall efficiency – across operations, financing, and taxation. It shows how much actual profit is generated from each dollar of revenue.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high net margin means the company is not only strong operationally but also manages financing and taxes efficiently.
- Peer comparisons reveal business quality and competitiveness.
- Declining margins despite revenue growth can be a red flag for rising costs or inefficiencies.
📘 Free cash flow margin
📈 What is it?
The free cash flow (FCF) margin shows how much of a company’s revenue remains as actual free cash after covering all operating expenses and capital expenditures.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
This margin reflects the true liquidity generated by the business – independent of accounting rules or depreciation. It’s especially relevant for dividends, buybacks, and reinvestment decisions.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high FCF margin means a company consistently generates strong cash flow.
- It’s a positive signal for financial stability and shareholder returns.
- The long-term trend is key – a declining margin may indicate rising investments or weakening operating efficiency.
📘 Equity Ratio
📈 What is it?
The equity ratio indicates what portion of a company’s total assets is financed by shareholders’ equity – in other words, how much it relies on its own capital.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
A high equity ratio reflects financial strength and stability, especially during downturns. It’s a key indicator of a company’s solvency and long-term risk profile.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Companies with high equity ratios are generally more resilient and less dependent on external debt.
- Low equity ratios can signal higher risk or aggressive financial strategies.
- Important: Always assess the equity ratio in combination with the return on equity (ROE). This shows not just how stable the company is – but also how efficiently it uses shareholder capital.
📘 Return on Equity (ROE)
📈 What is it?
Return on equity (ROE) shows how efficiently a company uses its shareholders’ equity to generate profit. In other words: how much net income is earned per dollar of equity.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
ROE is a core profitability metric. It helps investors understand whether a company delivers attractive returns on the capital provided by its shareholders.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high ROE indicates that the company is using its capital efficiently and profitably.
- It’s especially meaningful for capital-intensive businesses or firms with high equity bases.
- Important: A very high ROE can also result from high debt levels – always interpret it alongside the equity ratio to assess financial health.
📘 Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)
📈 What is it?
ROCE measures how efficiently a company generates profits from its total capital – including both equity and interest-bearing debt.
🧮 How is it calculated?
It evaluates the return on all capital employed, regardless of how it’s financed.
🏛️ Why is it important?
ROCE is ideal for comparing companies with different financing structures. It shows how well management uses capital to create value for both shareholders and creditors.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high ROCE means the company uses its capital efficiently – regardless of whether it's funded by debt or equity.
- The higher the ROCE compared to peers, the more value the company creates with its invested capital.
- Especially relevant for capital-intensive sectors like industrials, energy, or infrastructure.
📘 Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
📈 What is it?
ROIC measures how efficiently a company generates returns from the capital invested in its core operations – regardless of whether the capital comes from equity or debt.
🧮 How is it calculated?
- NOPAT = Net Operating Profit After Taxes
- Invested Capital = Operating assets minus non-interest-bearing liabilities
🏛️ Why is it important?
ROIC is one of the most accurate indicators of capital efficiency. Unlike return on equity, it is not distorted by leverage and shows how much value is created for all capital providers.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high ROIC shows how effectively a company uses the capital that is truly invested in its core operations.
- Unlike ROCE, ROIC focuses only on the capital that is actively used to run the business – and that requires a return (i.e. interest-bearing).
- Especially useful when comparing companies with large amounts of excess cash or non-interest-bearing liabilities – giving a more realistic picture of capital efficiency.
📘 Leverage Ratio (Debt-to-Equity)
📈 What is it?
The leverage ratio indicates how much a company relies on interest-bearing debt (such as loans and bonds) relative to its shareholders’ equity.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
This ratio helps assess a company’s financial structure and risk profile. High leverage can enhance returns – but also increases exposure to interest rate changes and financial stress.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A low leverage ratio signals financial strength and independence.
- A higher ratio can improve returns in good times but increases risk during downturns or rising interest rate periods.
- 👉 Always interpret in the context of industry, capital intensity, and interest rate environment.
📘 Earnings per share (EPS)
📈 What is it?
Earnings per Share (EPS) shows how much profit is attributable to a single share – and is one of the most important metrics for evaluating a company's performance.
🧮 How is it calculated?
The diluted share count reflects potential new shares that could be issued through options, convertible bonds, or other rights.
🏛️ Why is it important?
EPS is the basis for many key valuation metrics like P/E ratio, PEG ratio, or payout ratio. It enables comparisons of profitability across companies, regardless of their size.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- EPS captures per-share profitability and is especially useful for comparisons over time or with analyst estimates.
- Rising EPS may signal consistent growth or share buybacks.
- Important: Always use diluted EPS for more realistic valuations – especially in companies with stock-based compensation.
📘 Free cash flow per share (FCF per share)
📈 What is it?
Free Cash Flow per Share shows how much free cash flow a company generates per outstanding share – after investments, but before dividends or debt repayments.
🧮 How is it calculated?
Free cash flow is calculated as operating cash flow minus capital expenditures (CapEx).
🏛️ Why is it important?
FCF per Share reveals how much real cash is available per share – useful for dividends, buybacks, or reducing debt. Unlike net income, free cash flow is harder to manipulate and often seen as a more reliable metric.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- High FCF per share signals strong financial flexibility.
- It shows how much capital the company can effectively reinvest or return to shareholders.
- Particularly relevant for dividend payers and capital-efficient businesses.
📘 Short interest
📈 What is it?
Short interest indicates how many shares of a company are currently sold short – that is, borrowed and sold by investors who expect the price to decline.
🧮 How is it calculated?
It reflects the percentage of a company’s shares that are being shorted relative to the total shares available.
🏛️ Why is it important?
Short interest serves as a sentiment indicator: A high value may signal skepticism or bearish expectations – but also increases the potential for a short squeeze if prices rise unexpectedly.
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- Low short interest usually indicates market confidence in the company.
- High short interest can be a warning sign – or an opportunity if sentiment shifts.
- Especially relevant in volatile markets or ahead of key earnings releases.
📘 Employees
📈 What is it?
The employee count shows how many people a company employs worldwide – offering insights into its size, structure, and business model.
🧮 How is it calculated?
🏛️ Why is it important?
It helps assess operational scale, labor intensity, and cost structure. Combined with revenue and profit, it enables key metrics like revenue per employee or productivity.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high headcount can signal operational complexity – but also significant growth capacity.
- Revenue per employee is a key indicator of efficiency.
- Especially useful for comparing tech, industrial, or service-heavy companies.
📘 Turnover per employee
📈 What is it?
Revenue per employee indicates how much revenue a company generates on average per employee – a key measure of efficiency and productivity.
🧮 How is it calculated?
The employee count is typically taken from the most recent annual report.
🏛️ Why is it important?
This metric helps compare business models – especially between labor-intensive and technology-driven companies. A high value suggests automation, operational efficiency, or strong value creation per head.
🧮 Calculation
🎯 What does this mean for investors?
- A high revenue per employee indicates a scalable and margin-strong business model.
- A low figure may reflect labor-intensive operations or lower value-add.
- Especially helpful when comparing tech companies to industrial or service sectors.
Wallenstam Stock Analysis
Analyst Opinions
11 Analysts have issued a Wallenstam forecast:
Analyst Opinions
11 Analysts have issued a Wallenstam forecast:
Wallenstam Events
Past Events
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FEB
5
Q4 2025 Earnings Call
8 months ago
|
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OCT
21
Q3 2025 Earnings Call
11 months ago
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StocksGuide Free
Wallenstam — Q4 2025 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Welcome to the conference call for the fourth quarter and a summary of 2025 for Wallenstam.
During December, we vacated the entire Sergel's scraper, which we took over in February this year. The only remaining tenants are now on the ground floor since the middle of December and below street level, where the Space Arena is located. You can see this on the picture. Various types of events have been held here during the year by, for example, Spotify, annual general meetings and the Gates Foundation. And it is operated by the Stureplans Group. This is also where we recorded our year-end film for the fourth quarter this year, Me and Hans.
To summarize some of the key activities we have carried out as a company during 2025. We have invested a total of SEK 2.2 billion in new construction and development. We have started 394 apartments and completed 686 apartments. So now we currently have just over 1,000 apartments under construction. The demand for our rental apartments remains strong, which can be seen in the 77,000 new applicants who joined our own housing queue during the year, bringing the total to 330,000 people in our own queue.
It has also been an intensive year in terms of transactions, both acquisitions and divestments, with a total volume of SEK 5.4 billion. Part of the money has been used to repurchase our discounted share. In total, we have repurchased 17 million shares during the year 2025. So now we have 22 million shares.
So what has happened during this fourth and last quarter of the year? We divested our newly produced property, Nacka Grace, on the 31st of October to the Folksam Group and KPA Pension. And as I mentioned, we continued to repurchase our own shares also during the last quarter. In the fourth quarter, we repurchased 3 million shares which are trading at a discount of approximately 30%. We repurchased shares at an average price, including broker fees, of SEK 45.67 per share. And our net asset value as of the last December amounts to SEK 62.1.
Here, as usual, is an overview showing our company in summarized key figures. We have 210 investment properties with a value of SEK 64 billion. And including ongoing and future projects and land, the total property value amounts to SEK 70 billion. As before, half our rental income comes from residential properties and the other half from commercial properties, where offices account for the largest share.
We continue to have a strong economic occupancy rate of 97% with residential units at 100% and 90% for our total commercial space, where Gothenburg is the largest market at 94% occupancy rate. This reflects a stable demand for our properties. In other words, we continue to see solid and consistent demand for our space or premises.
In 2025, we developed a climate road map that outlines the prioritized actions across all 3 emission scopes. This is our 3 climate goals: Scope 1, 2 and 3. So what have we done with the scopes?
The first one, we have a minus of 39% for the Scope 1. And our key initiatives focused on replacing refrigerants with lower impact alternatives combined with regular inspections and installation of leak detection systems. During the year, we experienced fewer leakages, which has had a substantial positive effect on our Scope 1 emissions, which you can see.
Regarding Scope 2, we have minus 45%. And the goal is 50%. The reduction in Scope 2 emissions is driven by continuous operational optimization and the results of larger efficiency projects underway. In addition, district heating providers have lowered their emission factors, which further strengthens our Scope 2 performance.
And Scope 3, where you find our new construction, we have a minus of 36%. And there has been several drivers contributed to the reduction. Our ambition to reduce climate impacts is now firmly embedded from the earlier stages of our development projects. Material selection plays an important role. We have increased evaluating and selecting products, enabling more informed and lower-emission choices.
Concrete is also a key component. This year, we have used only Swedish-produced concrete, resulting in shorter transport distances and thereby reduced emissions. We also prioritized concrete produced with a lower carbon footprint.
And as I mentioned on the previous slide, we continue to work actively to reduce the energy consumption across our portfolio. Today, 67% of our properties measured by rental value are classified in energy classes A to C, up from 62% last year. And we keep on trying to get even more A to C.
We also report our EU Taxonomy alignment voluntarily. Looking at the share of our revenue that meets the taxonomy criteria. 100% of our wind power revenue is aligned and 51% of the revenue from our properties is aligned. So in total, this results in 53% taxonomy-aligned revenues, an improvement of 5 percentage points year-on-year.
So let's move on to the income statement and start with our net operating income, which increased by 5% to SEK 2.3 billion. This is a surplus ratio of 76%, which is in line with the previous year.
So now let's turn to the next slide to look at more details. As mentioned, our net operating income increased by approximately 5%, totaling SEK 112 million. Looking at the drivers behind this development. The new construction and large projects contributed SEK 51 million. As noted earlier, we completed around 686 apartments during the year.
Property transactions also had a positive net impact of SEK 4 million compared with last year. This includes our newly constructed property, Nacka Grace, which was gradually completed towards the end of last year, and therefore, contributes positively in 2025.
In the comparable holdings, net operating income increased by approximately SEK 20 million. The 2025 rent negotiations resulted in an average increase of around 4% for the residential rents and 1.6% for commercial base rents, adding a net SEK 43 million in higher rental income in the comparable holdings. In total, rental income increased by 5% year-on-year.
Operating expenses in the comparable portfolio increased by SEK 24 million, driven mainly by higher repair and maintenance expenses compared with last year as well as continued tariff increases in areas such as district heating and water. This is a key reason why our energy efficiency efforts are important both for the environment and for our financial performance.
Our energy-saving initiatives together with lower electricity prices reduced our electricity costs by approximately SEK 15 million. However, the lower electricity price doesn't impact the group's net result as it is offset by a corresponding decrease in revenue within other operating income from the wind turbines.
As communicated in previous quarters, we also recognized SEK 38 million in net one-time compensations related to early lease terminations. So all in all, we improved our net operating income by 5% compared with the previous year.
As mentioned, we completed a total of 686 apartments during the year, all of which contributed positively to our net operating income. In the fourth quarter alone, we completed 64 apartments. So this is in Adellovet, in Farsta in Stockholm, where we completed 64 apartments this quarter. It's located by the lake Drevviken. So now we have 42 apartments remaining to be completed in 2026. It's a beautiful place.
Looking at the commercial leasing market in Gothenburg, which contributes to our result in a good way. Our view is that it remains stable and has strengthened further towards the end of the year. Our commercial occupancy rate in Gothenburg is 94% and we see a high level of tenant loyalty. Around 90% of our tenants choose to stay with us. This means that fewer than 1 in 10 tenants with the option to terminate actually choose to do so. So we have a surrender rate of 90%.
This clearly demonstrates strong willingness among tenants to remain with Wallenstam and that they are satisfied with their premises. It also means that we have a good visibility into upcoming leasing needs as we closely monitor tenant intentions well before any potential terminations, which is strategically important moving forward.
Turning to the income from property management. We delivered an improvement of approximately 11%, reaching SEK 1.3 billion, an increase of SEK 127 million year-on-year. Administrative expenses increased by SEK 43 million. This increase is mainly driven, as in the previous quarter, by the implementation of new IT systems which are now expensed directly as well as higher personnel costs and additional security-related expenses, for example, background controls of our entrepreneurs.
Net financial items improved by 8% despite the average debt level being SEK 3 billion higher than in the same period last year. The average interest rate during the period was 2.49%, which is roughly 60 basis points lower year-on-year. At year-end, our average interest rate stood at 2.39% with continued active management of our interest hedging strategy throughout the year.
We have made some adjustments on our interest rate derivatives, which now amounts to SEK 22.1 billion, and we have also extended the duration slightly. Our average interest fixing period now stands at 3.5 years, equivalent to 42 months. And 62% of the loan portfolio is hedged. Our interest coverage ratio for the year amounts to 2.6x.
Moving on to the value changes, starting with our properties. We report a positive value change of SEK 1.7 billion. This is primarily driven by higher net operating income, the completion of new constructions and divestments. We haven't made any adjustments of our direct yield requirements.
The value change in our financial instruments amounted to a total cost of SEK 148 million, mainly due to time value effects on the interest rate derivatives rather than an increase in long-term interest rates.
In total, we report a profit after tax of SEK 2.6 billion compared with SEK 774 million in the previous year. So I think it's a good result for this year 2025.
So turning to the balance sheet. Our total property value amounts to just over SEK 70 billion. Income-generating properties account for approximately SEK 64 billion, while the value of ongoing construction projects and future construction is recognized at around SEK 7 billion.
As mentioned earlier, we haven't adjusted our direct yield requirements. The average effective yield amounts to 4.5% for our commercial portfolio and 3.7% for our residential portfolio. 57% of our total market value consists of residential properties with the remaining share in commercial assets. Property transactions have had a positive net impact on property values of SEK 1 billion.
In total, we invested SEK 2.2 billion in our redevelopment and new construction activities during the year, which is slightly higher than in the previous year. This figure also includes investments in our existing portfolio, where we have carried out energy efficiency projects as well as other upgrades in our existing properties.
We now have a total of 1,013 apartments under construction. During the year, we have started almost 400 new apartments.
On the equity and liability side. Our interest-bearing debt has increased by approximately SEK 3 billion compared with the previous year, amounting to a total of SEK 33.3 billion. We continue to maintain a solid financial position, reporting an equity ratio of 44% and a loan-to-value ratio of 47% despite ongoing investments and share buybacks.
Our net asset value at year-end amounts to SEK 62.1 per share, an increase of 8% year-on-year. And the Board proposes a higher dividend of SEK 0.55 per share, an increase of 10%. The dividend will be in two payments, one in May and the other in November. But first, the AGM has to decide it.
So as developments within our industry are typically gradual from quarter-to-quarter, we have evaluated our communication format. For that reason, we will test a new approach and not hold a conference call every quarter. There will therefore not be a call for the first quarter 2026, and we will return with more information about our plans going forward.
We will, however, continue to produce our quarterly results videos. And I'm, of course, available for any questions you may have regarding the report. We will evaluate this new way of communication during the year.
So like I said, if you have any questions, you are more than welcome to contact me and I will answer them all. Thank you very much for listening, and have a very good day.
Wallenstam — Q3 2025 Earnings Call
1. Management Discussion
Hi, and welcome to the conference call of the third quarter 2025 for Wallenstam. My name is Susann Linde. I'm CFO here at Wallenstam. Here on the picture, you see our 200-year old property in Central Gothenburg, the Kochska Building, where we have completely renovated it and are now nominated for the award in the category Facade of the Year 2024 Renovation.
So what has happened during this third quarter? We have taken possession of land in Forsåker in Mölndal, a part of the Forsåker urban development project. Within the block, the construction of approximately 240 rental apartments is planned. On July 3, we signed an agreement for the sale of our new production, Nacka Grace. You can see here on the picture. We agreed our property value of SEK 1,822 million. The Folksam Group and KPA Pension will take possession of the property on the last of October this year.
We have also made a lot of buybacks of our own shares this year. During the third quarter, we repurchased 5 million shares. We have done this of the capital we received from our sale. We used that capital to repurchase our shares, which are at just over 20% discount. We have repurchased shares for an average price of approximately SEK 46 per share, and our net asset value is SEK 59.7 as of this quarter.
Speaking of net asset value, we revised our business plan for 2030 during this quarter. We have adjusted it from SEK 100 in net asset value per share to SEK 80 per share. The decision is a consequence of the changed external conditions that have taken place since the goal was set in 2022. We think it's important to have a strong balance sheet, which is why we will also increase the financial framework. This means that the equity/assets ratio should be at least around 40% instead of the previous 35%.
As before, half of our rental value is from residential and the other half from commercial, where the majority is offices. We continue to have a good occupancy rate of 96%, with residential units accounting for 100% and 90% for the commercial spaces. So we see a stable demand for our products. This is thanks to our locations where we have our properties and the quality we have of our products. We now have over 300,000 people standing in our own housing queue.
We are self-sufficient in renewable energy through our wind turbines, but we also work continuously to reduce energy use in our houses. Not much has happened since last quarter. We are focusing on improving our energy classes, and 65% of the rental value has energy classes A to C and is slightly lower towards the end of the year due to the fact that we have vacated properties during the year and that Sergelskrapan has entered the portfolio. And there, we will take energy saving measures when we renovate that property.
We have also started an energy saving project of our properties in Råcksta, which consists of approximately 900 apartments, which will also lead to us improving Scope 2, which is also one of our climate goals.
So let's start with the income statement. Our stable occupancy rate shows that our business is running very well, which we also see in the figures. The net operating income for the three quarters increases by 6%, and we achieved a surplus ratio of 77% as the same level -- as the same period last year. But as usual, we go over to the next page and check in more detail.
As I said, our NOI increased by 6%, SEK 102 million. Of that, the rental income increased by SEK 134 million, which is 6% up. In the comparable holdings, the residential growth on average 4% and the commercial by 1.6% and creates an increase of SEK 27 million. During these 9 months, we have a net of one-time compensation of SEK 38 million because of compensation for early relocation, the same as last quarter. The net of new construction and large projects adds another SEK 68 million.
The operating expenses are increasing by almost 6%, SEK 32 million, where SEK 9 million of the increase is because of the completed new construction. The increase of SEK 80 million in the comparable holding consists -- is mainly because of increased property management than last year but also because of tariff increases like earlier. Our energy saving projects that we have carried out are now having an effect and reduce our electricity costs by approximately SEK 6 million and also lower energy prices with the same amount, but we can't see it here because of the higher decrease of tariffs and other things in the comparable holdings. So in total, we recognized an NOI of plus SEK 102 million and amounts to SEK 1,788 million in total.
We completed 139 apartments in the third quarter, a total of 621 apartments in all three quarters. This quarter, we have completed Kallebäcks Terrasser Kvarter 6. It is the last 139 apartments here. And now the entire project of 299 apartments is completely finished. So now we have completed 1,500 apartments in this urban development project.
And as we -- if we look at the income from property management, we recognized an increase of almost 14% and to an amount of just above SEK 1 billion, which is a record for this period. It's up by SEK 122 million. The administrative expenses on the total level is up by SEK 35 million. The increase is because, like last quarter, new IT systems and increased personnel costs and also increased security costs. Here in the income from property management, it is also affected by the fact that last year, we had a rebooking of project costs as a one-time adjustment of SEK 7 million. The net financial items shows an improvement of 12% despite an increased average debt of SEK 2.9 billion than the same period last year.
The average interest rate during the period has been 2.52%, and it is almost 70 basis points lower than last year. During this third quarter, the 3-month STIBOR has gone down by almost 15 basis points. So the average interest rate on closing day is 2.44%. We have not done any new hedges during the quarter. We still have the volume of SEK 22 billion in interest rate derivatives and -- which means that 62% of the loan volume has fixed interest. The average fixed interest rate term is 41 months and the ICR during the quarter is 2.7x.
Then we go to the value changes and start with the value changes in investment properties. They are SEK 740 million and are mainly an effect of higher NOI. And we have also completed new construction and selling. We haven't adjusted any direct yield requirements. The value changes in financial instruments recognized an expense of SEK 207 million because of lower longer interest rates. But for the third quarter, the longer interest rate has gone up, so we recognized an income of SEK 159 million. This altogether gives us a total profit of SEK 1,240 million compared to last year, SEK 139 million.
Then we move to the balance sheet. The balance sheet is still stable and report an equity ratio of 43% and an LTV of 48%. The total value of the properties are SEK 70 billion. Investment properties in operation has a value of SEK 62 billion, and the value of projects in progress and land for future new construction have a value of SEK 7.5 billion.
As I said before, we have changed the direct yield requirements. The effective yield requirement is on average 4.5% for the commercial and 3.7% for the residential. It has changed by 0.1 percentage units since last quarter because of both higher NOI and completed new construction. It was 4.6% and 3.6% last quarter. Our property value consists of 57% of residential properties and 43% of commercials. During this 9 months, net of property acquisitions and sales has affected by SEK 1.9 billion, and we have also invested in our properties.
And here, you can see how much. We have invested a total of SEK 1.5 billion in new and reconstruction, which is a little lower than last year, the same period. We have started one project this quarter, and we can see that on next slide.
We have started 178 apartments this quarter. And it's in our urban development project in Älta, Nacka. There, we have started another project of 178 apartments, which means that we have started the properties that will contribute to the new square in Älta. So now we have a total of 1,077 apartments in ongoing new construction, and we have started almost 400 apartments so far this year.
If we end with the equity and liabilities, we have increased our interest-bearing liabilities by SEK 700 million since last quarter. They now summarize to SEK 33.6 billion. And we still have a stable balance sheet with an equity of 43% and an LTV of 48%. And our NAV increased to SEK 59.7 per share, which means we have SEK 20 left to our goal of SEK 80.
So this was everything for today. So if you have any questions, you are more than welcome to contact me, and I will answer them. Thank you very much for listening, and I hope you have a nice day. Thank you.
Financial data from Wallenstam
Revenue
Revenue is the sum of all sales generated by a company, e.g. for its products or services.
Revenue (TTM) metric explainedDirect Costs
Direct costs are the costs incurred directly in connection with the manufacture of the product or service.
Gross Profit
Gross Profit indicates how much of the revenue remains in the company after deducting direct production costs. If the percentage share of sales is calculated, this is referred to as the gross margin.
Gross Profit metric explainedSelling and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A) include all expenses for marketing and sales as well as the general administration of the company.
Research and Development Expense
Research and development costs (R&D) provide information on how much the company invests in the research and development of its products. The costs are particularly interesting as a percentage of revenue and in comparison to direct competitors.
EBITDA
EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) is the company's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. The EBITDA margin is calculated as a percentage of sales.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation represents reductions in the value of the company's assets (e.g. due to wear and tear on machinery).
EBIT (Operating Income)
EBIT (Earnings Before Interest and Taxes) is the company's profit before interest and taxes, also known as the operating income. The EBIT Margin is calculated as a percentage of sales at
.
Net Profit
Net Profit represents the profit or loss after deduction of all costs.
Net Profit metric explainedStocksGuide Premium
| Jun '26 |
+/-
%
|
||
| Revenue | 3,292 3,292 |
2%
2%
100%
|
|
| - Direct Costs | 1,137 1,137 |
5%
5%
35%
|
|
| Gross Profit | 2,155 2,155 |
1%
1%
65%
|
|
| - Selling and Administrative Expenses | - - |
-
-
|
|
| - Research and Development Expense | - - |
-
-
|
|
| EBITDA | 2,008 2,008 |
1%
1%
61%
|
|
| - Depreciation and Amortization | 87 87 |
3%
3%
3%
|
|
| EBIT (Operating Income) EBIT | 1,921 1,921 |
0%
0%
58%
|
|
| Net Profit | 2,658 2,658 |
188%
188%
81%
|
|
In millions SEK.
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Company Profile
Wallenstam AB builds, develops, and buys properties in metropolitan areas. It operates through the following business segments: Gothenburg Region, Stockholm Region, and Other. The company was founded in 1944 and is headquartered in Gothenburg, Sweden.
StocksGuide Premium
| Head office | Sweden |
| CEO | Mr. Wallenstam |
| Employees | 249 |
| Founded | 1960 |
| Website | www.wallenstam.se |


